Surfactants are effective additives for interfacial tension (IFT) reduction. They can also improve the reservoir rock wettability and foam and emulsion formation. In this study, a Rapeseed oil-derived surfactant was first synthesized. The surfactant characteristics were determined by thermalgravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) spectroscopy. The experiments of IFT, sessile drop contact angle and chemical flooding in various scenarios such as integrated injection of the surfactant solution at critical micelle concentration (CMC) and optimal salinity, injection of 0.50 PV of the surfactant solution at CMC with optimal salinity and NaOH alkalinity (SA), injection of 0.50 PV of the surfactant solution at CMC with optimal salinity and 1000 ppm of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (SP), injection of 0.25 PV of the surfactant solution at CMC with optimal salinity and NaOH alkalinity and 1000 ppm of PHPA polymer (ASP), and injection of 0.50 PV of the surfactant solution at CMC with optimal salinity and NaOH alkalinity and 1000 ppm of PHPA polymer (ASP) into carbonate/sandstone composite (CSC) plugs were performed to show the surfactant usage efficiency in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process. Also, emulsion and foaming experiments were conducted to measure the capability of the surfactant under other EOR conditions. Based on the results, IFTs were obtained for the surfactant concentrations of 1500, 2500, 3500, 4500, 5500, and 6500 ppm equal to 3.157, 2.514, 1.089, 0.034, 0.071, and 0.095 mN/m, respectively. Accordingly, a low IFT of 3.4 × 10^–2 mN/m was obtained at CMC, which further decreased through optimization of the solution with optimal salinity and alkalinity. The CSC wettability altered to being hydrophilic, and the mean contact angles of 125.42, 105.53, 70.21, and 40.62° were obtained after 15, 30, 45, and 60 min, respectively. Oil production in various chemical injection scenarios increased by about 14.6–25.7%, depending on the type and amount of injection fluids. The novelty of this study is the introduction and application of a surfactant with a newly available herbal source.

中文翻译：

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通过使用菜籽油衍生的阴离子表面活性剂向碳酸盐/砂岩复合油藏注油的不同场景，提高化学采收率

表面活性剂是降低界面张力（IFT）的有效添加剂。它们还可以改善储层岩石的润湿性以及泡沫和乳化液的形成。在这项研究中，首先合成了菜籽油衍生的表面活性剂。表面活性剂的特性通过热重分析，傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱和质子核磁共振来确定（¹1 H NMR）光谱。在各种情况下进行IFT，固着液滴接触角和化学驱的实验，例如在临界胶束浓度（CMC）和最佳盐度下整体注入表面活性剂溶液，在CMC下以最佳盐度和NaOH碱度注入0.50 PV的表面活性剂溶液（SA），在具有最佳盐度的CMC处注入0.50 PV的表面活性剂溶液和1000 ppm的部分水解聚丙烯酰胺（SP），在具有最佳盐度和NaOH碱度的CMC处注入0.25 PV的表面活性剂溶液以及1000 ppm的PHPA聚合物（ASP），并注入0。在具有最佳盐度和NaOH碱度的CMC上，将50 PV的表面活性剂溶液和1000 ppm的PHPA聚合物（ASP）注入碳酸盐/砂岩复合材料（CSC）塞中，以显示表面活性剂在提高采油率（EOR）过程中的使用效率。另外，进行乳液和发泡实验以测量在其他EOR条件下表面活性剂的能力。根据结果​​，分别获得了表面活性剂浓度为1500、2500、3500、3500、4500、5500和6500 ppm的IFT，分别等于3.157、2.514、1.089、0.034、0.071和0.095 mN / m。因此，较低的IFT为3.4×10 4500、5500和6500 ppm分别等于3.157、2.514、1.089、0.034、0.071和0.095 mN / m。因此，较低的IFT为3.4×10 4500、5500和6500 ppm分别等于3.157、2.514、1.089、0.034、0.071和0.095 mN / m。因此，较低的IFT为3.4×10在CMC处获得^–2 mN / m，通过优化具有最佳盐度和碱度的溶液进一步降低了该值。CSC的润湿性变为亲水性，在15、30、45和60分钟后分别获得125.42、105.53、70.21和40.62°的平均接触角。根据注入流体的类型和数量，在各种化学注入方案中的石油产量增加了约14.6–25.7％。这项研究的新颖之处在于表面活性剂的引入和应用以及一种新的草药来源。