Most carnivorous plants show a conspicuous separation between flowers and leaf-traps, which has been interpreted as an adaptive response to minimize pollinator-prey conflicts which will reduce fitness. Here, we used the carnivorous subshrub Drosophyllum lusitanicum (Drosophyllaceae) to explore if and how carnivorous plants with minimal physical separation of flower and trap avoid or reduce a likely conflict of pollinator and prey. We carried out an extensive field survey in the Aljibe Mountains, at the European side of the Strait of Gibraltar, of pollinating and prey insects of D. lusitanicum. We also performed a detailed analysis of flower and leaf volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds (VOCs and SVOCs, respectively) by direct thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TD-GC/MS) to ascertain whether this species shows different VOC/SVOC profiles in flowers and leaf-traps that might attract pollinators and prey, respectively. Our results show a low overlap between pollinator and prey groups as well as clear differences in the relative abundance of VOCs and SVOCs between flowers and leaf-traps. Coleopterans and hymenopterans were the most represented groups of floral visitors, whereas dipterans were the most diverse group of prey insects. Regarding VOCs and SVOCs, while aldehydes and carboxylic acids presented higher relative contents in leaf-traps, alkanes and plumbagin were the main VOC/SVOC compounds detected in flowers. We conclude that D. lusitanicum, despite its minimal flower-trap separation, does not seem to present a marked pollinator-prey conflict. Differences in the VOCs and SVOCs produced by flowers and leaf-traps may help explain the conspicuous differences between pollinator and prey guilds.

大多数食肉植物在花和叶之间显示出明显的分离，这被解释为一种适应性反应，可最大程度地减少授粉者与猎物之间的冲突，从而降低适应性。在这里，我们使用食肉亚灌木Drosophyllum lusitanicum（Drosophyllaceae）来研究是否有食虫的植物，以及如何将花和陷阱的物理距离最小化，从而避免或如何避免或减少授粉媒介和猎物之间的冲突。我们在直布罗陀海峡欧洲一侧的阿尔吉贝山脉进行了广泛的野外调查，调查了D. lusitanicum的授粉和捕食性昆虫。我们还通过直接热脱附-气相色谱/质谱（TD-GC / MS）对花和叶中的挥发性和半挥发性有机化合物（分别为VOC和SVOC）进行了详细分析，以确定该物种是否显示出不同的VOC /花和叶中的SVOC分布可能分别吸引传粉媒介和猎物。我们的结果表明授粉和猎物组之间的重叠度低，并且花朵和陷阱之间的VOC和SVOC相对丰度存在明显差异。鞘翅目和膜翅目是花访客中最具代表性的群体，而翅翅目是捕食性昆虫中最多样化的群体。关于VOC和SVOC，虽然醛和羧酸在诱集装置中的相对含量较高，烷烃和铅木素是花朵中检测到的主要VOC / SVOC化合物。我们得出结论尽管D. lusitanicum的花陷阱分离极少，但似乎并未表现出明显的授粉媒介与猎物的冲突。由花朵和叶子陷阱产生的VOC和SVOC的差异可能有助于解释授粉者和猎物行会之间的显着差异。