The influences of the tropical cyclones (TCs) on the ocean heat content (OHC) of the South China Sea (SCS) was investigated by observations and numerical simulations. Ensemble analyses based on observations showed notable differences in OHC changes caused by TCs with different tracks: (1) TCs which generated over the western North Pacific (WNP) and did not enter the SCS (TC-P) decreased the OHC mainly in the central SCS while increasing the OHC in southern SCS and coastal areas along South China; (2) TCs which generated over the WNP and entered the SCS (TC-PS) decreased the OHC in most of the SCS beyond the coastal areas with a higher amplitude than that caused by TC-P; and (3) TCs which generated over the SCS (TC-S) induced the strongest OHC decrease and a distinct OHC increase in the southeastern SCS and Sulu Sea (SS). The distinct response of the SCS OHC was mainly attributed to the different surface heat fluxes and oceanic transports caused by TCs. Strong surface heat flux proximal to TC tracks led to ocean heat release to the atmosphere and decreased the OHC in these areas, while the oceanic current caused by the TC cyclonic wind field transported the OHC to areas distant from the TC center. Eastward transport of the OHC south of 15° N increased the OHC in the southeastern SCS and SS. These results expressed the detailed response of the OHC to TCs with different tracks over the WNP and SCS, and clarified the influences of TCs on the ocean environments of the SCS and for predicting the changes in the SCS.

中文翻译：

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不同轨道热带气旋引起的南海海洋热含量变化

通过观测和数值模拟研究了热带气旋 (TC) 对南海 (SCS) 海洋热含量 (OHC) 的影响。基于观测的集合分析表明，不同轨迹的 TC 引起的 OHC 变化存在显着差异：(1) 产生于西北太平洋 (WNP) 且未进入南海 (TC-P) 的 TC 主要降低了中部的 OHC SCS，同时增加南海南部和华南沿海地区的OHC；(2) 西太平洋上产生并进入南海的TC（TC-PS）降低了沿海以外大部分南海的OHC，幅度高于TC-P引起的振幅；(3) 南海产生的 TC (TC-S) 在南海东南部和苏禄海 (SS) 引起了最强的 OHC 减少和明显的 OHC 增加。南海 OHC 的独特响应主要归因于 TC 引起的不同地表热通量和海洋传输。台风路径附近强烈的地表热通量导致海洋向大气释放热量并降低这些地区的OHC，而台风气旋风场引起的洋流将OHC输送到远离台风中心的地区。OHC 在 15° N 以南的东移增加了南海和 SS 东南部的 OHC。这些结果表达了 OHC 对 WNP 和 SCS 上不同轨迹的 TC 的详细响应，阐明了 TC 对 SCS 海洋环境的影响和预测 SCS 变化。台风路径附近强烈的地表热通量导致海洋向大气释放热量并降低这些地区的OHC，而台风气旋风场引起的洋流将OHC输送到远离台风中心的地区。OHC 在 15° N 以南的东移增加了南海和 SS 东南部的 OHC。这些结果表达了 OHC 对 WNP 和 SCS 上不同轨迹的 TC 的详细响应，阐明了 TC 对 SCS 海洋环境的影响和预测 SCS 变化。台风路径附近强烈的地表热通量导致海洋向大气释放热量并降低这些地区的OHC，而台风气旋风场引起的洋流将OHC输送到远离台风中心的地区。OHC 在 15° N 以南的东移增加了南海和 SS 东南部的 OHC。这些结果表达了 OHC 对 WNP 和 SCS 上不同轨迹的 TC 的详细响应，阐明了 TC 对 SCS 海洋环境的影响和预测 SCS 变化。