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Centrosome: A Microtubule Nucleating Cellular Machinery
Journal of the Indian Institute of Science ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 , DOI: 10.1007/s41745-020-00213-1
Sonal Jaiswal , Harshita Kasera , Swati Jain , Shivang Khandelwal , Priyanka Singh

Centrosome serves as the primary site of microtubule organization in a majority of animal cells. These microtubules carry out several significant functions in the cell such as cell division, chromosome segregation, mechanical support and cellular transport. Proteins localized at the centrosome play extensive role in orchestrating the process of microtubule organization, growth and stabilization in space and time. Anomalies in centrosome number, structure and functioning disturb microtubule organization and lead to several human diseases. Advancements in proteomics and microscopy methods have been instrumental in identifying molecular mechanisms pertaining to the microtubule organizing function of centrosomes. This review focuses on the involvement of centrosome as a microtubule nucleating center of the cell. We present the major molecular mechanisms at the centrosome which affect microtubule nucleation and activation. Finally, we discuss human diseases associated with defective microtubule organization resulting from centrosome abnormalities.

中文翻译:

中心体:微管成核细胞机械

在大多数动物细胞中,中心体是微管组织的主要部位。这些微管在细胞中执行多项重要功能,例如细胞分裂、染色体分离、机械支持和细胞运输。位于中心体的蛋白质在协调微管组织、空间和时间的生长和稳定过程中发挥着广泛的作用。中心体数量、结构和功能的异常会扰乱微管组织并导致多种人类疾病。蛋白质组学和显微镜方法的进步有助于确定与中心体微管组织功能有关的分子机制。本综述重点关注中心体作为细胞微管成核中心的参与。我们介绍了影响微管成核和活化的中心体的主要分子机制。最后,我们讨论与中心体异常导致的微管组织缺陷相关的人类疾病。
更新日期:2021-01-08
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