An essential aspect of a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) involves its optimization. In this context, systematizing the publications on optimization methods applied in CLSC constitutes this research's primary objective. In this sense, a comprehensive literature review was carried out on 354 papers published from January 2008 to October 2020 to find future directions involving CLSC optimization. It was found stochastic methods are the primary approach in the studies regarding CLSC optimization, being applied in 27.68% of the publications investigated, while hybrid methods appeared in 21.75%, and deterministic methods were used in 20.62%. It was verified that 49.71% of the publications were related exclusively to strategic decisions concerning organizational decision-making levels, 22.03% analyzed tactical decisions, and 13.56% studied operational aspects. Regarding the sustainability dimensions, it was found that only the economic dimension was investigated in 70.62% of the analyzed publications. The three dimensions (economic, environmental, and social) were investigated simultaneously in only 6.21% of the publications. As the main conclusion, a lack of research covering the whole spectrum of the CLSC environment was found, comprising the various levels of organization decisions and sustainability dimensions of the triple bottom line.

闭环供应链（CLSC）的一个重要方面涉及其优化。在这种情况下，对CLSC中应用的优化方法的出版物进行系统化构成了本研究的主要目标。从这个意义上讲，对2008年1月至2020年10月发表的354篇论文进行了全面的文献综述，以寻找涉及CLSC优化的未来方向。发现随机方法是有关CLSC优化的研究的主要方法，在所研究的出版物中应用了27.68％，而混合方法在21.75％中出现，确定性方法在20.62％中使用。已确认，有49.71％的出版物仅与与组织决策水平有关的战略决策有关，有22.03％的分析了战术决策，还有13篇。56％的人研究了运营方面。关于可持续性方面，发现70.62％的分析出版物仅调查了经济方面。只有6.21％的出版物同时调查了这三个方面（经济，环境和社会）。作为主要结论，发现缺乏涵盖CLSC环境整个范围的研究，其中包括组织决策的各个级别以及三重底线的可持续性维度。