The originality of this work consists in the study of the stamping behaviour of tufted and un-tufted carbon preforms. Several preforms by varying the tufting thread orientations (0°, 90° and 0°/90°) and with different stratifications ([0°/90°,-45°/+45°] and [0°/90°,-45°/+45°]₂) were manufactured in order to study their out-of-plane deformability. The stamping test was carried out using a hemispherical punch and conducted at two blank-holder pressures (0.05 and 0.2 MPa). The experimental data highlight the influence of tufting threads on the forming force, maximum material draw-in, shear angle mapping and wrinkling phenomenon during the forming process. Furthermore, the orientations of tufting thread, the number of layers and the pressure of the blank-holder significantly affected the forming behaviour: all tufted preforms present a higher forming force, lower maximum material draw-in and shear angles and notable structural defects than the un-tufted preform. The increase in the pressure of the blank-holder from 0.05 to 0.2 MPa increases all these characteristics and emphasizes the structural defects on the fibrous reinforcements. Similarly, the transition from two layers to four layers in lamination at the same blank-holder pressure is followed by an increase of the forming force required for stamping operation, reducing the material draw-in and the shear angles especially those measured at the transient zone, and causes more structural defects on all stamped tufted and un-tufted preforms. For all these reasons, two localized tufting configurations, Right Localized Tufted (RLT) and Inclined Localized Tufted (ILT), at the stamping transition area are proposed. The stamping results show that these two original configurations present a minimum punch force and a maximum material draw-in similar to those measured on the un-tufted structure. The shear angles are higher than those recorded on the conventionally tufted preforms (over the entire surface).

这项工作的独创性在于研究簇状和未簇状碳预成型件的冲压性能。通过改变簇绒线的方向（0°，90°和0°/ 90°）并以不同的分层（[0°/ 90°，-45°/ + 45°]和[0°/ 90°，- 45°/ + 45°] ₂制造）是为了研究其平面外变形性。压模测试使用半球形冲头进行，并在两个毛坯夹持器压力（0.05和0.2 MPa）下进行。实验数据突出了簇绒线在成型过程中对成型力，最大材料引入，剪切角映射和起皱现象的影响。此外，簇绒线的方向，层数和毛坯夹持器的压力会显着影响成形性能：与簇绒相比，所有簇绒预成型坯均具有更高的成形力，更低的最大材料拉入和剪切角以及显着的结构缺陷。未簇绒的瓶坯。毛坯夹持器的压力从0.05增加到0。2 MPa增加了所有这些特性，并强调了纤维增强材料的结构缺陷。同样，在相同的坯料夹持器压力下，从两层过渡到四层时，会增加冲压操作所需的成型力，从而减少材料的拉入和剪切角，尤其是在过渡区域测得的剪切角，并在所有冲压的簇状和未簇状的瓶坯上造成更多的结构缺陷。由于所有这些原因，提出了在冲压过渡区域的两个局部簇绒配置，即右局部簇绒（RLT）和倾斜局部簇绒（ILT）。冲压结果表明，这两种原始配置呈现出的最小冲模力和最大的材料引入量与在未簇绒的结构上测得的相似。