Vegetative filter strips (VFSs) have been recommended as the best management practice for reducing runoff nonpoint source (NPS) pollution. The efficiency of VFSs located adjacent to water bodies can vary with shallow water table depths (WTD). A vegetated soil tank containing silt loam soil and Shortleaf Lilyturf vegetation was designed to study the effects of VFSs under shallow WTD (0.08, 0.22, and 0.36 m) on retentions of surface runoff, sediment, phosphorus, and bromide. Experiments were conducted with a simulated rainfall intensity of 28 mm h −1 and inflow rates of 4.02–4.56 L min −1 . The results revealed that a deep WTD, low grass spacing, and low slope had high VFS retention efficiencies. The retention efficiencies varied greatly from 35%, 70%, 64%, and 55% at the 0.08-m WTD in the experimental group with high grass spacing (6.69 cm) and low slope (5%) to 96%, 98%, 96%, and 95% at the 0.36-m WTD in the experimental group with low grass spacing (4.18 cm) and low slope (5%) for surface runoff, sediment, phosphorus, and bromide, respectively. A steeper slope (at the same grass spacing) increased the effects of the WTD on VFS performance. For each experimental group, the average surface runoff outflow rate decreased with the WTD, whereas the average subsurface lateral flow rate increased. The transport of phosphorus in the surface runoff almost resembled that of bromide, and the average concentration ( C/C 0 Ave ) of phosphorus and bromide decreased with the WTD. For the subsurface lateral flow, the transport of bromide and phosphorus exhibited typical breakthrough behaviors during each experiment, and both the normalized phosphorus and bromide concentrations in increasing limbs could be described by power equations. The high concentration of pollutants in the subsurface lateral flow may have affected the adjacent water bodies and groundwater. In quantification of the impact of WTD on effectiveness of VFS, we can effectively control the NPS pollutants in a watershed. VFS with deep WTD, low grass spacing, and low slope was beneficial for reducing NPS. At the same grass spacing, a steeper slope increased the effects of the WTD on VFS performance. The solute concentrations in increasing limbs can be described by power equations.

中文翻译：

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浅水位深度对控制水槽实验中非点源污染传输的植物过滤带的影响

植物过滤带 (VFS) 已被推荐为减少径流非点源 (NPS) 污染的最佳管理实践。位于水体附近的 VFS 的效率可能会随着浅水位深度 (WTD) 而变化。设计了一个包含粉砂壤土和短叶百合植被的植被土壤池，以研究 VFS 在浅 WTD（0.08、0.22 和 0.36 m）下对地表径流、沉积物、磷和溴化物的保留的影响。以28 mm h -1 的模拟降雨强度和4.02-4.56 L min -1 的流入速率进行了实验。结果表明，WTD 深、草间距小、坡度低具有高 VFS 保留效率。在 0.08 米 WTD 下，高草间距实验组的截留效率差异很大，分别为 35%、70%、64% 和 55% (6. 69 cm) 和低坡度 (5%) 到 0.36-m WTD 的 96%, 98%, 96%, 和 95% 实验组低草间距 (4.18 cm) 和低坡度 (5%)径流、沉积物、磷和溴化物。更陡的坡度（在相同的草间距下）增加了 WTD 对 VFS 性能的影响。对于每个实验组，平均地表径流出流率随着 WTD 的增加而减少，而平均地下侧向流率增加。地表径流中磷的迁移与溴化物的迁移相似，磷和溴化物的平均浓度（C/C 0 Ave ）随着WTD的增加而降低。对于地下侧向流，溴化物和磷的传输在每个实验中都表现出典型的突破行为，并且在增加的肢体中归一化的磷和溴化物浓度都可以用幂方程来描述。地下侧流中污染物的高浓度可能影响了邻近的水体和地下水。在量化WTD对VFS有效性的影响时，我们可以有效控制流域的NPS污染物。具有深 WTD、低草距和低坡度的 VFS 有利于降低 NPS。在相同的草间距下，更陡的坡度会增加 WTD 对 VFS 性能的影响。增加肢体中的溶质浓度可以用幂方程来描述。在量化WTD对VFS有效性的影响时，我们可以有效控制流域的NPS污染物。具有深 WTD、低草距和低坡度的 VFS 有利于降低 NPS。在相同的草间距下，更陡的坡度会增加 WTD 对 VFS 性能的影响。增加肢体中的溶质浓度可以用幂方程来描述。在量化WTD对VFS有效性的影响时，我们可以有效控制流域的NPS污染物。具有深 WTD、低草距和低坡度的 VFS 有利于降低 NPS。在相同的草间距下，更陡的坡度会增加 WTD 对 VFS 性能的影响。增加肢体中的溶质浓度可以用幂方程来描述。