Oil and natural gas activity has grown dramatically over the last decade around the United States because, in part, of increased use of unconventional technologies like hydraulic fracturing. Social scientists have examined the broad array of impacts of this growth to communities disproportionately impacted by activity. This paper contributes to that work by using survey and qualitative interviews to examine the experiences of Coloradans with harm created by oil and gas activity when they live adjacent to production or extraction sites. Using a green criminological and critical criminological framing, our findings illuminate that Coloradans in these samples experienced persistent and patterned harm from oil and gas activity to which they lived proximate. Additionally—paralleling criminological literature on street crime—our findings indicate that official state records on harm prevalence is likely inaccurate and that, instead, a “dark figure” of harm exists. This results because of underreporting of harm by those who experience it which occurs in part, at least for those in our sample, because of a lack of trust or sense of fairness in the regulatory process.

中文翻译：

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生活在采掘场：油田的无形危害和绿色损害*

在过去十年中，美国各地的石油和天然气活动急剧增长，部分原因是水力压裂等非常规技术的使用增加。社会科学家研究了这种增长对受活动影响不成比例的社区的广泛影响。本文通过使用调查和定性访谈来检查科罗拉多人在石油和天然气活动造成的伤害方面的经历，从而为这项工作做出了贡献，当他们居住在生产或提取地点附近时。使用绿色犯罪学和批判性犯罪学框架，我们的研究结果表明，这些样本中的科罗拉多人经历了他们居住的附近石油和天然气活动的持续性和模式性伤害。此外——与街头犯罪相关的犯罪学文献——我们的调查结果表明，官方关于伤害流行的国家记录可能不准确，相反，存在伤害的“黑暗数字”。造成这一结果的原因是那些经历过伤害的人少报了这种伤害，至少对于我们样本中的人来说，这是因为监管过程中缺乏信任或公平感。