Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork with physicians and nurses working in two state‐funded southern French hospitals, this article explores why and how medical care providers connected their everyday deliberations about patient care to what they considered to be distinctively French forms of medical responsibility. Many healthcare professionals saw French medical morality in opposition to ‘Anglo‐Saxon’ discourses of individual autonomy and transactional choice. In contrast to such ‘transactionalism’, they insisted that ‘French’ ethics required limits that transcended particular circumstances. And yet it was difficult for doctors and nurses working in secular and increasingly neoliberal hospitals to argue against individual transactionalism in an overtly moral register, one that might appear religious and paternalist. Through a close look at two different cases – one in assisted reproduction and one in palliative care – I show how the language of folk psychoanalysis provided some health professionals with a way out of this impasse. Care providers used pseudo‐psychoanalytic accounts of patient subjectivities to depict individuals as incapable of knowing, let alone ‘owning’ or rationally mastering, themselves. This, in turn, suggests that some aspects of French secularity may be far less Protestant and liberal than contemporary anthropological work tends to assume.

中文翻译：

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制定世俗的“法国”医学伦理：法国南部医院的超越道德和患者主观性

本文利用在两个法国南部法国国家资助医院工作的医生和护士的人种学现场调查，探讨了医疗服务提供者将日常有关患者护理的讨论与他们认为独特的法国人联系起来的原因和方式医疗责任的形式。许多医疗保健专业人员认为法国的医疗道德与个人自主和交易选择的“盎格鲁撒克逊”论相对立。与这种“交易主义”相反，他们坚持认为“法国”伦理要求超越特定情况的限制。然而，对于在世俗化和新自由主义医院工作的医生和护士来说，很难在公开的道德记录中反对个人交易主义，这种记录可能看起来是宗教的和家长式的。通过仔细研究两种不同的情况-一种在辅助生殖中进行，另一种在姑息治疗中进行-我展示了民间心理分析的语言如何为一些卫生专业人员提供了摆脱这种僵局的出路。医护人员使用对患者主观性的伪心理分析表述，将个人描述为无法自我了解，更不用说“拥有”或理性地掌握自己了。反过来，这表明法国世俗化的某些方面可能比现代人类学工作所趋向的新教徒和自由主义要少得多。