Urban and rural populations face disparities in gender equality as well as access to safe drinking water, which have deleterious consequences for their well-being. Past studies highlight interdependencies between gender equality and sustainable water management, but they fail to account for effects of shifting urban and rural populations. We find that improved gender equality and access to safe drinking water are likely to persist within urban populations, and empowering women in urban areas could increase access to safe drinking water. Our research aims to enhance the understanding of sustainable provision of water under the circumstances of rapid urbanisation and climate change.

城乡人口在性别平等以及获得安全饮用水方面面临差距，这对他们的福祉具有有害影响。过去的研究强调了性别平等与可持续水管理之间的相互依存关系，但它们未能说明城乡人口转移的影响。我们发现，在城市人口中，两性平等和获得安全饮用水的机会可能会持续存在，增强城市地区妇女的权能可以增加获得安全饮用水的机会。我们的研究旨在增进人们对快速城市化和气候变化情况下可持续供水的理解。