ABSTRACT:

Between the 1670s and 1680s, the French King Louis XIV's evolving vision for the fountains of the Versailles gardens challenged the knowledge and abilities of his hydraulic engineers. The supplying of water to Versailles and achieving the desired effects with water jets posed major problems. Since solving them required an understanding of hydrostatics and the principles of natural motion, the work was well-suited to the expert members of the Académie des Sciences. Indeed, some members had been working on the motion and properties of water in connection with theories of mechanics and simple machines since the Académie's beginnings in 1666. This article focuses on the related work of these academicians, especially Claude Perrault, Christiaan Huygens, and Edmé Mariotte. It discusses how they saw a challenge such as the Versailles fountains as an opportunity to produce practical knowledge driven by natural philosophical principles.

摘要：

在1670到1680年代之间，法国国王路易十四对凡尔赛花园喷泉的不断发展的构想挑战了他的液压工程师的知识和能力。向凡尔赛供水和通过喷水器达到预期效果带来了重大问题。由于解决这些问题需要了解静水力学和自然运动原理，因此这项工作非常适合Académiedes Sciences的专家成员。的确，自1666年阿卡迪米学院成立以来，一些成员就一直在研究水的运动与力学和简单机械理论之间的关系。本文着重研究了这些院士的相关工作，特别是克劳德·佩罗特，克里斯蒂安·惠更斯和埃德梅马里奥特