Paediatric hypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure > 95th percentile for age, sex and height is often incidentally diagnosed. Renovascular hypertension (RVH) is responsible for 5–25% of hypertension in children. Renal artery stenosis and middle aortic syndrome can both can be associated with various conditions such as fibromuscular dysplasia, Williams syndrome & Neurofibromatosis type 1. This paper discusses the approaches to diagnosis and interventional management and outcomes of renovascular hypertension in children. Angiography is considered the gold standard in establishing the diagnosis of renovascular disease in children. Angioplasty is beneficial in the majority of patients and generally repeated angioplasty is considered more appropriate than stenting. Surgical options should first be considered before placing a stent unless there is an emergent requirement. Given the established safety and success of endovascular intervention, at most institutions it remains the preferred treatment option.

中文翻译：

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小儿肾血管性高血压

小儿高血压通常被偶然诊断为年龄，性别和身高的收缩压> 95％。肾血管性高血压（RVH）占儿童高血压的5-25％。肾动脉狭窄和中主动脉综合征均可与多种疾病相关，如纤维肌发育不良，威廉姆斯综合征和1型神经纤维瘤病。本文讨论了儿童肾血管性高血压的诊断，介入治疗和预后的方法。血管造影术被认为是诊断儿童肾血管疾病的金标准。血管成形术对大多数患者有益，通常认为重复血管成形术比支架置入术更合适。除非有紧急需求，否则在放置支架之前应首先考虑手术选择。考虑到血管内介入治疗的安全性和成功性，在大多数机构中，它仍然是首选的治疗选择。