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Cardiovascular health impacts of wildfire smoke exposure
Particle and Fibre Toxicology ( IF 10 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 , DOI: 10.1186/s12989-020-00394-8
Hao Chen 1 , James M Samet 2 , Philip A Bromberg 3 , Haiyan Tong 2
Affiliation  

In recent years, wildland fires have occurred more frequently and with increased intensity in many fire-prone areas. In addition to the direct life and economic losses attributable to wildfires, the emitted smoke is a major contributor to ambient air pollution, leading to significant public health impacts. Wildfire smoke is a complex mixture of particulate matter (PM), gases such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, and volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds. PM from wildfire smoke has a high content of elemental carbon and organic carbon, with lesser amounts of metal compounds. Epidemiological studies have consistently found an association between exposure to wildfire smoke (typically monitored as the PM concentration) and increased respiratory morbidity and mortality. However, previous reviews of the health effects of wildfire smoke exposure have not established a conclusive link between wildfire smoke exposure and adverse cardiovascular effects. In this review, we systematically evaluate published epidemiological observations, controlled clinical exposure studies, and toxicological studies focusing on evidence of wildfire smoke exposure and cardiovascular effects, and identify knowledge gaps. Improving exposure assessment and identifying sensitive cardiovascular endpoints will serve to better understand the association between exposure to wildfire smoke and cardiovascular effects and the mechanisms involved. Similarly, filling the knowledge gaps identified in this review will better define adverse cardiovascular health effects of exposure to wildfire smoke, thus informing risk assessments and potentially leading to the development of targeted interventional strategies to mitigate the health impacts of wildfire smoke.

中文翻译:

野火烟雾暴露对心血管健康的影响

近年来,在许多火灾多发地区,野火发生的频率更高,强度也有所增加。除了可归因于野火的直接生命和经济损失外,排放的烟雾是造成环境空气污染的主要因素,对公共健康造成重大影响。野火烟雾是颗粒物 (PM)、一氧化碳、氮氧化物等气体以及挥发性和半挥发性有机化合物的复杂混合物。来自野火烟雾的 PM 具有高含量的元素碳和有机碳,以及较少量的金属化合物。流行病学研究一致发现,暴露于野火烟雾(通常以 PM 浓度进行监测)与呼吸道发病率和死亡率增加之间存在关联。然而,先前对野火烟雾暴露对健康影响的审查并未确定野火烟雾暴露与心血管不良影响之间的决定性联系。在这篇综述中,我们系统地评估了已发表的流行病学观察、对照临床暴露研究和毒理学研究,重点关注野火烟雾暴露和心血管影响的证据,并找出知识差距。改进暴露评估和确定敏感的心血管终点将有助于更好地了解暴露于野火烟雾与心血管效应之间的关联以及所涉及的机制。同样,填补本综述中确定的知识空白将更好地定义暴露于野火烟雾对心血管健康的不利影响,
更新日期:2021-01-07
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