BackgroundArgiope bruennichi, the European wasp spider, has been investigated intensively as a focal species for studies on sexual selection, chemical communication, and the dynamics of rapid range expansion at a behavioral and genetic level. However, the lack of a reference genome has limited insights into the genetic basis for these phenomena. Therefore, we assembled a high-quality chromosome-level reference genome of the European wasp spider as a tool for more in-depth future studies.FindingsWe generated, de novo, a 1.67 Gb genome assembly of A. bruennichi using 21.8× Pacific Biosciences sequencing, polished with 19.8× Illumina paired-end sequencing data, and proximity ligation (Hi-C)-based scaffolding. This resulted in an N50 scaffold size of 124 Mb and an N50 contig size of 288 kb. We found 98.4% of the genome to be contained in 13 scaffolds, fitting the expected number of chromosomes (n = 13). Analyses showed the presence of 91.1% of complete arthropod BUSCOs, indicating a high-quality assembly.ConclusionsWe present the first chromosome-level genome assembly in the order Araneae. With this genomic resource, we open the door for more precise and informative studies on evolution and adaptation not only in A. bruennichi but also in arachnids overall, shedding light on questions such as the genomic architecture of traits, whole-genome duplication, and the genomic mechanisms behind silk and venom evolution.

中文翻译：

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欧洲黄蜂蜘蛛的染色体水平参考基因组Argiope bruennichi：范围扩展和进化适应研究的资源

背景 Argiope bruennichi，欧洲黄蜂蜘蛛，作为一种焦点物种，在行为和遗传水平上进行性选择、化学交流和快速范围扩张的动力学研究已经被深入研究。然而，缺乏参考基因组限制了对这些现象的遗传基础的了解。因此，我们组装了欧洲黄蜂蜘蛛的高质量染色体水平参考基因组，作为未来更深入研究的工具。结果我们使用 21.8 倍 Pacific Biosciences 测序从头生成了 A. bruennichi 的 1.67 Gb 基因组组装，使用 19.8× Illumina 双端测序数据和基于邻近连接 (Hi-C) 的支架进行抛光。这导致 N50 支架大小为 124 Mb，N50 重叠群大小为 288 kb。我们发现 98.4% 的基因组包含在 13 个支架中，拟合预期的染色体数（n = 13）。分析表明存在 91.1% 的完整节肢动物 BUSCO，表明组装质量很高。结论我们提出了蜘蛛目中第一个染色体水平的基因组组装。有了这个基因组资源，我们为更精确和信息丰富的进化和适应研究打开了大门，不仅在 A. bruennichi 中，而且在整个蛛形纲动物中，揭示了诸如性状的基因组结构、全基因组复制和丝绸和毒液进化背后的基因组机制。