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Seasonal evolution of winds, atmospheric tides, and Reynolds stress components in the Southern Hemisphere mesosphere–lower thermosphere in 2019
Annales Geophysicae ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 , DOI: 10.5194/angeo-39-1-2021
Gunter Stober , Diego Janches , Vivien Matthias , Dave Fritts , John Marino , Tracy Moffat-Griffin , Kathrin Baumgarten , Wonseok Lee , Damian Murphy , Yong Ha Kim , Nicholas Mitchell , Scott Palo

In this study we explore the seasonal variability of the mean winds and diurnal and semidiurnal tidal amplitude and phases, as well as the Reynolds stress components during 2019, utilizing meteor radars at six Southern Hemisphere locations ranging from midlatitudes to polar latitudes. These include Tierra del Fuego, King Edward Point on South Georgia island, King Sejong Station, Rothera, Davis, and McMurdo stations. The year 2019 was exceptional in the Southern Hemisphere, due to the occurrence of a rare minor stratospheric warming in September. Our results show a substantial longitudinal and latitudinal seasonal variability of mean winds and tides, pointing towards a wobbling and asymmetric polar vortex. Furthermore, the derived momentum fluxes and wind variances, utilizing a recently developed algorithm, reveal a characteristic seasonal pattern at each location included in this study. The longitudinal and latitudinal variability of vertical flux of zonal and meridional momentum is discussed in the context of polar vortex asymmetry, spatial and temporal variability, and the longitude and latitude dependence of the vertical propagation conditions of gravity waves. The horizontal momentum fluxes exhibit a rather consistent seasonal structure between the stations, while the wind variances indicate a clear seasonal behavior and altitude dependence, showing the largest values at higher altitudes during the hemispheric winter and two variance minima during the equinoxes. Also the hemispheric summer mesopause and the zonal wind reversal can be identified in the wind variances.

中文翻译:

2019年南半球中层-低层热层的风,大气潮和雷诺应力分量的季节性变化

在这项研究中,我们利用南半球六个位置(从中纬度到极地纬度)的流星雷达,探索了平均风,昼夜和半日潮汐振幅和相位以及雷诺应力分量在2019年期间的季节性变化。其中包括火地岛(Tierra del Fuego),乔治亚州南部岛屿上的爱德华点国王(King Edward Point),世宗国王站,罗瑟拉(Rothera),戴维斯(Davis)和麦克默多(McMurdo)站。由于9月罕见的平流层小幅变暖,南半球的2019年是异常的一年。我们的结果表明平均风和潮汐在纵向和纬度上存在明显的季节性变化,这表明波动和不对称的极涡。此外,利用最近开发的算法得出的动量通量和风的方差,揭示本研究中每个位置的典型季节性模式。在极地涡旋不对称,时空变化以及重力波垂直传播条件的经度和纬度依赖性的背景下,讨论了纬向和子午动量垂直通量的纵向和横向变化。水平动量通量在站点之间表现出相当一致的季节性结构,而风的变化表明明显的季节性行为和海拔依赖性,在半球冬季期间在较高的海拔处显示最大值,而在春分期间显示两个最小值。另外,在风的变化中还可以识别出半球的夏季中隔和纬向风的逆转。在极地涡旋不对称,时空变化以及重力波垂直传播条件的经度和纬度依赖性的背景下,讨论了纬向和子午动量垂直通量的纵向和横向变化。水平动量通量在站点之间表现出相当一致的季节性结构,而风的变化表明明显的季节性行为和海拔依赖性,在半球冬季期间在较高的海拔处显示最大值,而在春分期间显示两个最小值。另外,在风的变化中还可以识别出半球的夏季中隔和纬向风的逆转。在极地涡旋不对称,时空变化以及重力波垂直传播条件的经度和纬度依赖性的背景下,讨论了纬向和子午动量垂直通量的纵向和横向变化。水平动量通量在站点之间表现出相当一致的季节性结构,而风的变化表明明显的季节性行为和海拔依赖性,在半球冬季期间在较高的海拔处显示最大值,而在春分期间显示两个最小值。另外,在风的变化中还可以识别出半球的夏季中隔和纬向风的逆转。以及重力波垂直传播条件的经度和纬度依赖性。水平动量通量在站点之间表现出相当一致的季节性结构,而风的变化表明明显的季节性行为和海拔依赖性,在半球冬季期间在较高的海拔处显示最大值,而在春分期间显示两个最小值。另外,在风的变化中还可以识别出半球的夏季中隔和纬向风的逆转。以及重力波垂直传播条件的经度和纬度依赖性。水平动量通量在站点之间表现出相当一致的季节性结构,而风的变化表明明显的季节性行为和海拔依赖性,在半球冬季期间在较高的海拔处显示最大值,而在春分期间显示两个最小值。另外,在风的变化中还可以识别出半球的夏季中隔和纬向风的逆转。在半球冬季显示出较高海拔处的最大值,而在春分点显示出两个方差最小值。另外,在风的变化中还可以识别出半球的夏季中隔和纬向风的逆转。在半球冬季显示出较高海拔处的最大值,而在春分点显示出两个方差最小值。此外,在风的变化中还可以识别出半球夏季的更年期和纬向风的逆转。
更新日期:2021-01-07
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