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Enrichment of primary macronutrients in biochar for sustainable agriculture: A review
Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology ( IF 12.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 , DOI: 10.1080/10643389.2020.1859271
Adnan Asad Karim 1 , Manish Kumar 1 , Ekta Singh 2 , Aman Kumar 2 , Sunil Kumar 2 , Arati Ray 1 , Nabin Kumar Dhal 1
Affiliation  

Abstract

Macronutrient-enriched biochars have potential for nutrient recycling from waste, enhance soil fertility, reduce consumption of fertilizers, and thereby promoting sustainable agriculture. The focus of the recent research studies has been on exploring different methods for production of macronutrients (nitrogen [N], phosphorus [P], and potassium [K]) enriched biochar fertilizers. There is now an urgent need to comprehend the work carried out on biochar fertilizers for a proper scientific understanding and advancement. This review provides crucial information about nutrients enriched biochars production and the underlying mechanisms toward its use in agriculture. The production methods, nutrient characteristics, potential major challenges and future perspectives of using these nutrients enriched biochars have also been dealt in the present review. Among primary macronutrients, the main focus of nutrients enriched biochar are on N and P. Total N, P, and K enriched up to 10%, 15.32%, 25.85% in biochar through controlled (primarily temperature) pyrolysis and utilization of specific feedstock. Although total macronutrients content in nutrients enriched biochar were thoroughly studied, but the bio-labile and plant available fractions of these nutrients are yet to be extensively researched. Nutrients transformation in biochars revealed about comparatively higher bio-available K fraction due to formation of water soluble kalicinite (KHCO3) minerals. The efficacy of biochars toward soil fertility and plant growth was widely studied (mainly as pot experiments) and there results varied. Overall, the prospects of nutrients enriched biochars toward sustainable agriculture has gained momentum with time and further engineered biochars hold great potential to cater for specific soil-plant-environment system.



中文翻译:

富集生物炭中的主要常量营养素以促进可持续农业:综述

摘要

富含大量营养素的生物炭具有从废物中回收养分、提高土壤肥力、减少化肥消耗从而促进可持续农业的潜力。最近研究的重点是探索不同的方法来生产富含大量营养素(氮 [N]、磷 [P] 和钾 [K])的生物炭肥料。现在迫切需要理解在生物炭肥料方面开展的工作,以便进行适当的科学理解和进步。本综述提供了有关富含营养的生物炭生产及其在农业中使用的潜在机制的重要信息。本综述还讨论了使用这些富含营养的生物炭的生产方法、营养特性、潜在的主要挑战和未来前景。在初级常量营养素中,富集营养物质的生物炭主要集中在 N 和 P。通过控制(主要是温度)热解和特定原料的利用,生物炭中总 N、P 和 K 的富集度高达 10%、15.32%、25.85%。尽管对富含营养素的生物炭中的总常量营养素含量进行了深入研究,但这些营养素的生物不稳定和植物有效成分仍有待广泛研究。由于水溶性方晶石 (KHCO) 的形成,生物炭中的养分转化揭示了相对较高的生物可利用 K 分数 尽管对富含营养素的生物炭中的总常量营养素含量进行了深入研究,但这些营养素的生物不稳定和植物有效成分仍有待广泛研究。由于水溶性方晶石 (KHCO) 的形成,生物炭中的养分转化揭示了相对较高的生物可利用 K 分数 尽管对富含营养素的生物炭中的总常量营养素含量进行了深入研究,但这些营养素的生物不稳定和植物有效成分仍有待广泛研究。由于水溶性方晶石 (KHCO) 的形成,生物炭中的养分转化揭示了相对较高的生物可利用 K 分数3)矿物质。生物炭对土壤肥力和植物生长的功效被广泛研究(主要作为盆栽实验),结果各不相同。总体而言,营养丰富的生物炭对可持续农业的前景随着时间的推移而获得动力,进一步工程化的生物炭具有满足特定土壤-植物-环境系统的巨大潜力。

更新日期:2021-01-06
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