BACKGROUND Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is associated with arterial hypertension. Our aim was to investigate whether induced hypertension (IH) as therapy for delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with PRES and to identify risk factors for PRES. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively searched our database for patients with SAH and IH in our institution between 2009 and 2018 and identified additional cases of PRES after SAH with IH from the literature. We then analyzed demographic findings and clinical features of these patients. RESULTS 172 patients with acute SAH received IH. PRES was diagnosed in 3/172 (1.7%) patients. Our literature search revealed 17 additional cases. The pooled PRES group (n = 20) was non-significantly older than the non-PRES group (n = 169) (median, 62.5 years vs. 52 years, p = 0.06). No significant differences were found between both groups with regard to sex (p = 0.73), Hunt & Hess-Score (p = 0.9), aneurysm treatment (p = 0.13), and time from diagnosis of SAH to the start of IH (p = 0.14). CONCLUSIONS PRES after IH in SAH patients occurred in 1.7% of our patients. Our results imply that it is important to be aware of a possible development of a PRES in older SAH patients with IH, irrespective of sex, initial clinical status, and treatment modality.

中文翻译：

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蛛网膜下腔出血后迟发性脑缺血诱导高血压治疗后可逆性脑病综合征的病例对照研究

背景后部可逆性脑病综合征（PRES）与动脉高血压有关。我们的目的是调查诱导性高血压 (IH) 作为蛛网膜下腔出血 (SAH) 后迟发性脑缺血 (DCI) 的治疗方法是否与 PRES 相关，并确定 PRES 的危险因素。材料和方法 我们回顾性地搜索了我们机构 2009 年至 2018 年间发生 SAH 和 IH 患者的数据库，并从文献中确定了 SAH 合并 IH 后的其他 PRES 病例。然后我们分析了这些患者的人口统计学发现和临床特征。结果 172 名急性 SAH 患者接受了 IH。3/172 (1.7%) 患者被诊断出 PRES。我们的文献检索发现了另外 17 个病例。合并的 PRES 组（n = 20）比非 PRES 组（n = 169）（中位数，62. 5 年与 52 年，p = 0.06）。两组在性别 (p = 0.73)、Hunt & Hess-Score (p = 0.9)、动脉瘤治疗 (p = 0.13) 以及从诊断 SAH 到开始 IH 的时间 (p = 0.14）。结论 SAH 患者 IH 后 PRES 发生在 1.7% 的患者中。我们的结果表明，无论性别、初始临床状态和治疗方式如何，重要的是要意识到老年 IH 的 SAH 患者可能发生 PRES。