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Many small rather than few large sources identified in long-term bee pollen diets in agroecosystems
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2020.107296
Rachele S. Wilson , Alexander Keller , Alison Shapcott , Sara D. Leonhardt , Wiebke Sickel , Jane L. Hardwick , Tim A. Heard , Benjamin F. Kaluza , Helen M. Wallace

Bees provide essential ecosystem services such as crop pollination, but perennial colonies of social species require year-round access to floral resources, especially in resource-poor agricultural landscapes. We investigated pollen resources used by a social bee (Tetragonula carbonaria, Meliponini) in forests and orchards of subtropical Australia. Pollen DNA metabarcoding with the markers rbcL and ITS2 was used to identify hive pollens from 57 colonies collected at seven sites each season over two years. We identified 341 botanical sources of hive pollens from 37 orders, 72 families, 218 genera and 302 species. Interestingly, introduced species (e.g. Ageratum spp. and Raphanus spp.) and wind-pollinated plants (Poaceae, Cyperaceae) were common pollen sources in both orchards and forests. Orchard colonies used a subset of pollen species used by colonies in forests, with many Myrtaceae (Corymbia, Eucalyptus and Melaleuca spp.), Poaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Proteaceae species found in both land uses. We found T. carbonaria foraged on “many small” rather than a “few large” pollen sources each season, regardless of land use. This suggests stingless bees aim for diversity in pollen diets. As such, land managers and beekeepers should ensure colonies have access to a variety of floral resources year-round. This may be achieved through targeted planting of key families identified in this study (e.g. Proteaceae, Asteraceae, Myrtaceae, Poaceae, Brassicaceae, Araliaceae, Cannabaceae, Arecaceae, Rubiaceae and Sapindaceae) and / or maintaining weeds while they are flowering in the orchard. Land managers may consider planting in unproductive areas such as riparian zones, edges or between crop rows if space is limited.



中文翻译:

在农业生态系统的长期蜂花粉饮食中发现的许多小而不是大来源

蜜蜂提供基本的生态系统服务,例如作物授粉,但多年生的社会物种群落需要全年获得花卉资源,特别是在资源贫乏的农业景观中。我们调查了亚热带澳大利亚森林和果园中的社会蜜蜂(Tetragonula carbonaria,Meliponini)使用的花粉资源。使用带有rbcL和ITS2标记的花粉DNA元条形码,可以在两年内每个季节从七个地点收集的57个菌落中鉴定蜂巢花粉。我们鉴定了来自37个科,72个科,218属和302种的341种蜂巢花粉的植物来源。有趣的是,引进的物种(例如,ger香蓟属和Raphanusspp。)和风铃授粉植物(禾本科,莎草科)是果园和森林中常见的花粉来源。果园殖民地使用了森林殖民地使用的花粉物种的一个子集,在这两种土地利用中都发现了许多桃金娘科(Corymbia桉树千层属),禾本科,菊科,豆科和变形科。我们发现了T. carbonaria不管土地使用情况如何,每个季节都在“许多小”而不是“几个大”的花粉来源上觅食。这表明无刺蜜蜂的目标是花粉饮食中的多样性。因此,土地管理者和养蜂人应确保殖民地一年四季都能获得各种花卉资源。这可以通过有针对性地种植本研究中确定的关键科(例如,Proteaceae,Asteraceae,Myrtaceae,Poaceae,Brassicaceae,Araliaceae,Cannabaceae,Arecaceae,Rubiaceae和Sapindaceae)和/或在果园开花时保持杂草来实现。如果空间有限,土地经理可以考虑在非生产性地区(例如河岸带,边缘或农作物行之间)种植。

更新日期:2021-01-07
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