The effects of activating fluxes on weld bead morphology, arc behavior, electrical signals, and temperature field were investigated. Real-time weld pool dynamics, electrical signal waveforms, and temperature contours were obtained by high speed camera, real-time electric signal acquisition card, and infrared thermal camera. The additions of SiO₂, TiO₂, ZnO, and Fe₂O₃ not only improved the weld formation and penetration depth but also reduced the welding voltage and increased welding current. Decomposition and evaporation of activating fluxes produced oxygen caused arc constriction and increased the laser efficiency. The effect of MnO₂ was little. CaO and B₂O₃ dramatically deteriorated process stability since CaO and B₂O₃ gave rise to droplet transfer mode changing from spray transfer to short-circuit/ large globular repelled transfer.

研究了助焊剂对焊缝形态，电弧行为，电信号和温度场的影响。通过高速摄像机，实时电信号采集卡和红外热像仪获得实时焊池动态，电信号波形和温度等高线。SiO ₂，TiO ₂，ZnO和Fe ₂ O _3的添加不仅改善了焊缝的形成和熔深，而且降低了焊接电压并增加了焊接电流。活化剂的分解和蒸发会产生氧气，从而引起电弧收缩，并提高了激光效率。MnO ₂的作用很小。CaO和B ₂ O ₃由于CaO和B ₂ O ₃导致了液滴的转移方式从喷雾转移变为短路/大球状排斥转移，极大地降低了工艺稳定性。