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Decomposition Analysis of Segregation
Sociological Methodology ( IF 6.118 ) Pub Date : 2017-03-31 , DOI: 10.1177/0081175017692625
Kazuo Yamaguchi 1
Affiliation  

Although substantive studies on segregation, such as residential or school segregation by race and occupational segregation by gender, are many in sociology, the analytical methodology is almost exclusively focused on measurement issues. The author introduces a set of two statistical models for the decomposition analysis of segregation. These models can be regarded as a tool to analyze whether one dimension of racial or gender inequality is related to another dimension of inequality, because they can assess, for example, the extent to which gender differences in human capital are related to gender segregation in occupation. One of the new models is a simple extension of the DiNardo-Fortin-Lemieux decomposition method of inequality, which implicitly assumes a supply-driven determination of positional status attainment, and another model modifies it to incorporate demand-based macrosocial size constraints on positional status attainment, but both models rely on Rubin’s conception of modeling counterfactual outcomes and inverse-probability-of-treatment weighting on the basis of propensity score. An application focuses on gender segregation in occupation in Japan and leads to a paradoxical result: equalizing human capital and labor supply characteristics between men and women increases, rather than decreases, gender segregation in occupation. Although the underlying behavioral mechanism for gender differences in occupational choice remains to be investigated, the analysis clarifies at least demographically why segregation increases under the counterfactual situation.

中文翻译:

离析分解分析

尽管社会学中有很多关于种族隔离的实质性研究,例如按种族划分的住宅或学校隔离和按性别划分的职业隔离,但分析方法几乎只专注于测量问题。作者介绍了一组两个统计模型,用于分离的分解分析。这些模型可以被看作是分析种族或性别不平等的一个维度是否与另一个不平等维度相关的工具,因为它们可以评估,例如,人力资本的性别差异在多大程度上与职业中的性别隔离相关。 . 新模型之一是对不平等的 DiNardo-Fortin-Lemieux 分解方法的简单扩展,它隐含地假设了地位地位的实现由供给驱动确定,另一个模型对其进行了修改,以纳入基于需求的宏观社会规模对职位地位获得的限制,但这两种模型都依赖于鲁宾的概念,即基于倾向得分对反事实结果和逆治疗概率加权进行建模。一个申请侧重于日本职业中的性别隔离,并导致了一个矛盾的结果:平衡男女之间的人力资本和劳动力供应特征会增加而不是减少职业中的性别隔离。尽管职业选择中性别差异的潜在行为机制仍有待调查,但该分析至少从人口统计上澄清了为什么在反事实情况下隔离会增加。但是这两种模型都依赖于鲁宾的概念,即基于倾向评分对反事实结果和治疗逆概率加权进行建模。一个申请侧重于日本职业中的性别隔离,并导致了一个矛盾的结果:平衡男女之间的人力资本和劳动力供应特征会增加而不是减少职业中的性别隔离。尽管职业选择中性别差异的潜在行为机制仍有待调查,但该分析至少从人口统计上澄清了为什么在反事实情况下隔离会增加。但是这两种模型都依赖于鲁宾的概念,即基于倾向评分对反事实结果和治疗逆概率加权进行建模。一个申请侧重于日本职业中的性别隔离,并导致了一个矛盾的结果:平衡男女之间的人力资本和劳动力供应特征会增加而不是减少职业中的性别隔离。尽管职业选择中性别差异的潜在行为机制仍有待调查,但该分析至少从人口统计上澄清了为什么在反事实情况下隔离会增加。一个申请侧重于日本职业中的性别隔离,并导致了一个矛盾的结果:平衡男女之间的人力资本和劳动力供应特征会增加而不是减少职业中的性别隔离。尽管职业选择中性别差异的潜在行为机制仍有待调查,但该分析至少从人口统计上澄清了为什么在反事实情况下隔离会增加。一个申请侧重于日本职业中的性别隔离,并导致了一个矛盾的结果:平衡男女之间的人力资本和劳动力供应特征会增加而不是减少职业中的性别隔离。尽管职业选择中性别差异的潜在行为机制仍有待调查,但该分析至少从人口统计上澄清了为什么在反事实情况下隔离会增加。
更新日期:2017-03-31
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