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Enforcing the Global Economic Order, Violating the Rights of the Poor, and Breaching Negative Duties? Pogge, Collective Agency, and Global Poverty
Journal of Social Philosophy ( IF 1.063 ) Pub Date : 2018-06-01 , DOI: 10.1111/josp.12236
Bill Wringe

Thomas Pogge has argued, famously, that “we” are harming the global poor. Indeed, we are not only harming them; we are violating their rights insofar as we uphold an unjust international order which provides a legal and economic framework within which individuals and groups can and do deprive such individuals of their lives, liberty, and property. The rights we are violating are ones whose existence Pogge takes to be relatively uncontroversial: rights to life, property, free assembly, and the like, rather than so-called “subsistence rights” whose existence is sometimes taken to be more controversial. Pogge also holds that in violating these rights, we are failing to fulfil duties: not simply positive duties, such as duties of assistance, but also negative duties, like the duty not to kill, or the duty not to endanger life. In an arresting image, Pogge suggests that our relationship to the world’s poor is not like that of a passer-by who fails to come to the assistance of a victim of a hit-and-run accident perpetrated by another driver, but more like that of someone who is (at best) culpably negligent in causing an accident, and then fails to do anything to remedy the situation. In this article, I shall be primarily concerned with what I shall call the “Negative Duty Claim”:

中文翻译:

执行全球经济秩序,侵犯穷人的权利,违反消极义务?Pogge、集体代理和全球贫困

著名的托马斯·波格 (Thomas Pogge) 认为“我们”正在伤害全球穷人。事实上,我们不仅在伤害他们;我们在维护不公正的国际秩序的范围内侵犯了他们的权利,该秩序提供了一个法律和经济框架,个人和团体可以在其中剥夺这些人的生命、自由和财产。我们侵犯的权利是 Pogge 认为其存在相对没有争议的权利:生命权、财产权、自由集会权等,而不是所谓的“生存权”,其存在有时被认为更具争议性。波格还认为,在侵犯这些权利时,我们没有履行义务:不仅是积极的义务,例如协助义务,还有消极的义务,例如不杀人的义务或不危及生命的义务。在一个引人注目的图像中,Pogge 认为,我们与世界上的穷人的关系不像路人那样不帮助另一名司机肇事逃逸事故的受害者,而更像是这样的人(充其量)因疏忽造成事故,然后未能采取任何措施来纠正这种情况。在本文中,我将主要关注我称之为“负关税要求”的内容:
更新日期:2018-06-01
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