Objective: This study examined potentially gendered net worth changes over the marital dissolution process, starting up to 3 years prior to separation and continuing up to 15 years postdivorce. Background: Incipient literature showed steep wealth declines for men and women associated with divorce, treating marital dissolution as a single point-in-time event. These findings may be limiting as legal regulations and divorce-stress-adjustment research conceptualize marital dissolution as a process that lasts several years. Method: Using fixed effects regression models, we analyzed changes in personal net worth as well as changes in personal net housing worth and financial net worth of individuals whose marriages dissolved between 2002 and 2017. Analyses used comprehensive wealth data from the German Socio-Economic Panel study. Results: Although wealth declines commenced prior to separation, separation was the most critical point with 82% and 76% reductions in personal wealth of men and women, respectively. Divorce did not pose additional wealth penalties, but wealth was also not recovered in years after divorce. The lasting separation penalty was mainly driven by declines in housing wealth and a lack of financial wealth recovery. Overall, both men and women experienced dramatic relative wealth declines with negligible gender differences. Predicted wealth levels, however, indicated that men may be in a financially better position compared to women due to higher preseparation wealth levels. Conclusion: Results illustrated important variations in personal wealth measures over the marital dissolution process, which may drive lasting wealth inequalities, particularly with regard to housing wealth for both men and women.

中文翻译：

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婚姻解体和个人财富：检查整个解体过程中的性别趋势

目标：这项研究检查了婚姻解体过程中潜在的性别净资产变化，从分居前 3 年开始，一直持续到离婚后 15 年。背景：早期文献显示与离婚相关的男性和女性的财富急剧下降，将婚姻解体视为单一时间点事件。由于法律法规和离婚压力调整研究将婚姻解体概念化为一个持续数年的过程，因此这些发现可能具有局限性。方法：使用固定效应回归模型，我们分析了 2002 年至 2017 年间婚姻解除的个人的个人净资产以及个人住房净资产和财务净资产的变化。 分析使用了德国社会经济委员会的综合财富数据学习。结果：虽然财富下降在分居之前就开始了，但分居是最关键的一点，男性和女性的个人财富分别减少了 82% 和 76%。离婚并没有造成额外的财富损失，但离婚后的几年财富也没有恢复。持久的分居惩罚主要是由于住房财富下降和金融财富复苏乏力。总体而言，男性和女性的相对财富急剧下降，性别差异可以忽略不计。然而，预测的财富水平表明，由于分居前的财富水平较高，男性的财务状况可能比女性好。结论：结果说明了在婚姻解体过程中个人财富衡量的重要变化，这可能会导致持久的财富不平等，