Collective action problems are linked together when the outcomes of one collective action situation affect the working components of another. In San Diego, California, solutions to the collective action dilemmas of water provisioning, conservation, and wastewater were found to have influenced each other between 1990 and 2010. Building upon a database of water management-related action situation outcomes, developed from archival documents and interviews with water managers, environmental groups, and other participants, we used McGinnis’ Network of Adjacent Action Situations framework and the Politicized IAD framework to analyze how the emergence of different problem frames affected linkages between these three collective action problems. Our research shows that newly introduced frames for thinking about these water management challenges as interconnected contributed to the progressive emergence of new governance strategies by different groups of actors.

中文翻译：

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问题框架影响大城市地区供水，废水和节水的集体行动状况网络之间的联系

当一种集体行动情况的结果影响另一种集体行动的工作组成部分时，集体行动问题就会联系在一起。在加利福尼亚州的圣地亚哥，发现自来水，养护和废水的集体行动困境的解决方案在1990年至2010年之间互相影响。基于档案文件和资料的水管理相关行动情况结果数据库在与水资源管理者，环境团体和其他参与者进行访谈之后，我们使用了麦金尼斯的“相邻行动情境网络”框架和“政治化IAD”框架来分析不同问题框架的出现如何影响这三个集体行动问题之间的联系。