This paper contributes insights to discussions of adaptive governance in marine socio-ecological systems by elucidating the conditions which limit or enable the transition from co-management to polycentric governance at the local scale. I offer a comparative study of two coastal communities, Carelmapu and Ancud, which are both bound by the same political structures governing marine resources and are home to multiple fishing unions governed by Chile’s co-management policy, Territorial User Rights in Fisheries (TURFs). However, each community has experienced different outcomes in their abilities to transform to polycentric governance at the local scale in the Lakes Region of southern Chile. I suggest that the legislative structures which govern new ocean uses have brought new stakeholders to the table of environmental governance and have shifted power dynamics, creating both opportunities and limitations for the transition of polycentric governance. In Carelmapu, fishing unions have been unable to organize to transform environmental governance because they refuse to work with the Indigenous Communities, who are seeking to form an Indigenous marine protected area. In Ancud on the island of Chiloe, fishing unions have initiated the beginnings of polycentric governance by uniting and collaborating with government officials to form a new institution to govern resources. I first explore how the legislative structures which govern new ocean uses have caused conflict in Carelmapu between fishers and the Indigenous Community, with attention to how conflict and exclusion constrain the formation of polycentric governance. I then examine the conditions under which fishing unions in Ancud facilitated the beginnings of polycentric governance through new management plans.

中文翻译：

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超越共同管理：在智利的渔业政策使用者权中，实现向多中心治理过渡的机遇与局限

通过阐明限制或允许从共同管理向地方规模的多中心治理过渡的条件，本文为海洋社会生态系统中的适应性治理讨论提供了见识。我对两个沿海社区Carelmapu和Ancud进行了比较研究，这两个沿海社区都受到管理海洋资源的相同政治结构的约束，并且是受智利共同管理政策（渔业领土使用权）管辖的多个钓鱼联盟的所在地。但是，每个社区在转变为智利南部湖泊地区的地方规模的多中心治理的能力上都经历了不同的结果。我建议，管理新海洋用途的立法结构将新的利益相关者带到环境治理的桌上，并改变了权力动力，为多中心治理的过渡既创造了机遇，也带来了局限。在卡雷马普（Carelmapu），渔业工会无法组织起来改变环境治理，因为他们拒绝与寻求建立土著海洋保护区的土著社区合作。在奇洛埃岛的安库德（Angucd），钓鱼工会通过与政府官员联合和合作以形成一个新的资源管理机构，开始了多中心治理的开端。我首先探讨了管理新海洋用途的立法结构如何在卡雷马普（Carelmapu）引起了渔民与土著社区之间的冲突，关注冲突和排斥如何限制多中心治理的形成。然后，我研究了在何种情况下安库德的钓鱼工会通过新的管理计划促进了多中心治理的开始。