Abstract. The International Geophysical Year (IGY) was the most significant international scientific event in geophysical sciences in the history of mankind. This was the largest international experiment that brought together about 300 000 scientists from 67 countries. Well-planned activity of national and international committees was organized for the first time. The history of the IGY organization and complex international experiments in planetary geophysics conducted within its program are discussed in this article. Special attention is given to the estimation of the significance of this project for developing worldwide geophysical research.

中文翻译：

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国际地球物理年六十周年（1957–2017年）–苏联的贡献

摘要。国际地球物理年（IGY）是人类历史上最重要的地球物理科学国际事件。这是最大的国际实验，汇聚了来自67个国家/地区的30万科学家。首次组织了精心策划的国家和国际委员会活动。本文讨论了IGY组织的历史以及在其计划中进行的行星地球物理学方面的复杂国际实验。特别注意该项目对发展全球地球物理研究的重要性的估计。