Abstract. The Gregorian calendar, despite being more precise than the Julian (which now lags 13 d behind Earth), will also lag a day behind nature in this millennium. In 1923, Milutin Milankovitch presented a calendar of outstanding scientific importance and unprecedented astronomical accuracy, which was accepted at the Ecumenical Congress of Eastern Orthodox churches. However, its adoption is still partial in churches and nonexistent in civil states, despite nearly a century without a better proposition of calendar reform in terms of both precision and ease of transition, which are important for acceptance. This article reviews the development of calendars throughout history and presents the case of Milankovitch's, explaining its aims and methodology and why it is sometimes mistakenly identified with the Gregorian because of their long consonance. Religious aspects are briefly covered, explaining the potential of this calendar to unite secular and religious purposes through improving accuracy in both contexts.

中文翻译：

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米兰科维奇日历的奇特案例

摘要。格里高利历虽然比朱利安（现在落后地球13天）要精确得多，但在这个千年中也将落后自然一天。1923年，米卢汀·米兰科维奇（Milutin Milankovitch）提出了具有重要科学意义和空前的天文精度的日历，这一日历被东方东正教教会大公会议接受。但是，尽管将近一个世纪以来，就精确度和过渡的便利性而言，历法改革没有更好的主张，但这在教会中仍然是部分接受的，而在公民国家中则不存在，这对于接受很重要。本文回顾了历代历法的发展，并介绍了米兰科维奇历法的案例，解释其目的和方法，以及为何由于长期的共鸣而有时被格里高利人误认为。简要介绍了宗教方面的内容，解释了该日历通过在两种情况下提高准确性来统一世俗和宗教目的的潜力。