Red-turbaned Sikh policemen have long been viewed as symbols of the cosmopolitan feature of modern Shanghai. However, the origin of the Sikh police unit in the Shanghai Municipal Police has not been seriously investigated. This article argues that the circulation of police officers, policing knowledge, and information in the British colonial network and the circulation of the idea of taking Hong Kong as the reference point amongst Shanghailanders from the 1850s to the 1880s played important role in the establishment of the Sikh police force in the International Settlement of Shanghai. Furthermore, by highlighting the translocal connections and interactions amongst British colonies and settlements, this study tries to break the metropole-colony binary in imperial history studies.

中文翻译：

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在外滩治大英帝国：上海锡克教徒警察的起源

红色头巾的锡克教徒警察长期以来一直被视为现代上海国际化特征的象征。但是，上海市警察的锡克教徒警察的起源尚未得到认真调查。本文认为，从1850年代到1880年代，英国殖民地网络中警务人员，治安知识和信息的流传以及以上海为参考点的思想的流传在建立上海警察方面发挥了重要作用。锡克教徒警察在上海国际定居点。此外，通过强调英国殖民地和定居点之间的跨地方联系和相互作用，本研究试图打破帝国历史研究中的大都市-殖民地二元关系。