Objective: To compare mortality in older adults with and without mild or moderate cognitive impairment over 15 years of follow-up in a middle-income country, where little information on this subject is available. Methods: A total of 1,281 community-dwelling older adults were followed-up for a median of 13.3 years. We evaluated their cognitive impairment using the Mini-Mental State Examination, categorizing it as none (1.0 SD above cutoff means), mild (1.0 SD below cutoff means) or moderate (2.0 SD below cutoff means). The date of death was determined by reviewing death certificates. Cox’s proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the risk of mortality in participants with cognitive impairment. Results: Participants with mild or moderate cognitive impairment had a higher mortality risk than those without it in the unadjusted model, but these associations did not remain in the final model. After sex stratification, only men with moderate cognitive impairment had a higher mortality risk in the final model. Conclusion: The findings suggest an association between moderate cognitive impairment and all-cause mortality in men in a large Brazilian cohort of older adults.

中文翻译：

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长期随访中巴西老年人的轻度和中度认知障碍和死亡率：Bambui 健康老龄化研究

目标：比较中等收入国家在 15 年随访期间患有和不患有轻度或中度认知障碍的老年人的死亡率，该国有关该主题的信息很少。方法：共对 1,281 名社区老年人进行了随访，中位时间为 13.3 年。我们使用简易精神状态检查评估了他们的认知障碍，将其分类为无（高于临界值 1.0 SD）、轻度（低于临界值 1.0 SD）或中度（低于临界值 2.0 SD）。死亡日期是通过审查死亡证明来确定的。Cox 的比例风险模型用于评估认知障碍参与者的死亡风险。结果：在未经调整的模型中，轻度或中度认知障碍的参与者的死亡风险高于无认知障碍的参与者，但这些关联并未保留在最终模型中。性别分层后，只有中度认知障碍的男性在最终模型中的死亡风险更高。结论：研究结果表明，在巴西大型老年人队列中，男性中度认知障碍与全因死亡率之间存在关联。