OBJECTIVE To assess the association between exposure to toxoplasmosis and major psychiatric disorders through a systematic review of the literature. METHODS The literature review was performed in the MEDLINE, SciELO, and PsycINFO databases. To evaluate the quality of the studies included in the review, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used. RESULTS Thirty-one studies were included, and the majority found an association between exposure to toxoplasmosis and schizophrenia or bipolar disorder (58.3 and 54.5% of the included papers, respectively), but not major depressive disorder. We found no significant difference in mean quality scores between studies that corroborated and contradicted the association hypothesis for either schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. All included papers were considered at least satisfactory according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (total scores ≥ 6 out of 9). CONCLUSION Although there was no association between exposure to toxoplasmosis and major depressive disorder, the results indicate an association with both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, despite their heterogeneity. Further studies should be performed with more specific variables so that the nature of these relationships can be elucidated.

中文翻译：

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弓形虫病暴露与主要精神疾病之间的关联：系统评价

目的 通过对文献的系统回顾来评估弓形虫病暴露与主要精神疾病之间的关联。方法 在 MEDLINE、SciELO 和 PsycINFO 数据库中进行文献回顾。为了评估该评价中包括的研究的质量，使用了纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表。结果 纳入了 31 项研究，大多数研究发现弓形虫病暴露与精神分裂症或双相情感障碍之间存在关联（分别占纳入论文的 58.3% 和 54.5%），但与重度抑郁症无关。我们发现，证实和反驳精神分裂症或双相情感障碍关联假设的研究之间的平均质量得分没有显着差异。根据纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表，所有纳入的论文都被认为至少令人满意（总分 ≥ 6 分，满分 9 分）。结论 尽管弓形体病暴露与重度抑郁症之间没有关联，但结果表明双相情感障碍和精神分裂症都存在关联，尽管它们存在异质性。应使用更具体的变量进行进一步研究，以便阐明这些关系的性质。