We examined Philippine graduates’ use of social networks to obtain initial employment in the United States labour market. Our research focused on employment opportunities and found that Philippine graduates’ usage of Strong Ties networks contributed to underemployment. Reliance on Strong Ties networking decreased respondents’ broader range of US employment opportunities and further impeded their prospects of upward employment mobility. While the Philippine graduates’ Strong Ties networking provided assistance and most specifically acted as intermediaries for gaining their initial employment, this type of networking had a significant impact resulting in poor labour market outcomes and rather imperfect long-term employment opportunities. Moreover, we found that, in conjunction with the use of Strong Ties, key variables, such as low-demand degree fields, lower educational attainment, lesser proficiency in English and green card status, were also strongly associated with poor employment outcomes.

中文翻译：

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强关系网络在移民就业结果中的低效

我们研究了菲律宾毕业生利用社交网络在美国劳动力市场获得初步就业的情况。我们的研究侧重于就业机会，发现菲律宾毕业生对强关系网络的使用导致了就业不足。对强关系网络的依赖减少了受访者更广泛的美国就业机会，并进一步阻碍了他们向上就业流动的前景。虽然菲律宾毕业生的强关系网络提供了帮助，并且最具体地充当了他们获得初始就业的中介，但这种类型的网络产生了重大影响，导致劳动力市场结果不佳，长期就业机会相当不完善。此外，我们发现，结合强关系的使用，关键变量，