Desertion, as a specific social phenomenon, occurred over the extent of almost the whole period of existence of the Russian colonies in Alaska (18th century–1867). Some attempts at desertion were successful; others suffered failure. At the same time, “external” desertion, outside the boundaries of Russian America, absolutely prevailed. Sometimes fugitives voluntarily returned to Alaska; other times they were brought by force. Deserters usually acted alone or in small groups. Their goal in most cases was passive flight, not representing a real threat to other people or danger to the colonies, though there were exceptions—three cases are known when potential fugitives intended to seize a ship by force and flee beyond the borders of Russian America. However, all such attempts (in 1781, 1794, and 1809) ended unsuccessfully. The peak of desertion occurred in the first half of the 1850s, when about 20 people fled from the capital of the colonies Novo-Arkhangel’sk and ships in California and Hawaii. Although, based on the scale of its demographic impact, desertion yielded noticeably to such factors as illness, accidents, and military actions, it nevertheless played a definite role in the history of Russian America, periodically exerting a destructive socioeconomic and psychological impact on the life of colonial society and the activities of the Russian-American Company, which managed the colonies from 1799.

中文翻译：

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俄罗斯美国的逃兵和逃亡者

作为一种特殊的社会现象，荒漠化几乎发生在阿拉斯加俄罗斯殖民地存在的整个时期（18世纪至1867年）。一些逃兵的尝试是成功的。其他人失败了。同时，在俄罗斯美国边界之外的“外部”逃兵绝对占了上风。有时，逃亡者自愿返回阿拉斯加。其他时候他们是用武力带来的。逃兵通常单独行动或成小组行动。在大多数情况下，他们的目标是被动飞行，尽管有例外，但这并不代表对其他人的真正威胁或对殖民地的威胁-已知三种情况，即当潜在的逃犯意图强行占领船只并逃离俄罗斯美国边界时。但是，所有此类尝试（在1781年，1794年和1809年）均未成功结束。荒芜的高峰发生在1850年代上半叶，当时约有20人逃离了新约-阿尔汉格尔斯克殖民地的首府，并在加利福尼亚和夏威夷航行。尽管根据人口统计学影响的程度，荒漠化对诸如疾病，事故和军事行动等因素产生了显着影响，但它在俄罗斯历史上仍发挥了一定的作用，并定期对人们的生活产生破坏性的社会经济和心理影响殖民地社会和俄美公司的活动，该公司从1799年开始管理殖民地。