Since the 1950s, there have been several international multi‐lateral treaties for recognition and enforcement of child and spousal support orders. They operated, primarily, in civil law countries where “creditor‐based jurisdiction” allowed establishment of an order in the country of habitual residence of the child or the custodial parent. The United States, requiring “minimum contacts” with the debtor to establish personal jurisdiction, could not be a party to such agreements. For nearly fifty years the U.S., and a few states, sought to fill the need for international reciprocity by negotiating individual country‐to‐country or state‐to‐country arrangements. With ratification of the 2007 Family Maintenance Convention, the United States was finally able to join in a multi‐lateral treaty. The treaty took effect in the United States on January 1, 2017, establishing procedures for international recognition, enforcement and modification of family support orders with 35 other countries already party to the Convention (including the entire European Union). The grand bargain struck during the negotiations between 2003 and 2007 was that the U.S. would honor a foreign order if, under the facts presented, there were sufficient minimum contacts with the debtor that would have supported personal jurisdiction if the order had been entered in any state in the U.S. If unable to recognize a foreign order, the U.S. agreed to take steps to issue a new one. The treaty establishes administrative procedures that, in many respects, are nearly identical to interstate enforcement of domestic support orders in this country. But there are also aspects of the treaty that are entirely new and warrant explanation for family and juvenile court judges. This article focuses on several unique provisions of the treaty that judges and attorneys need to understand.

中文翻译：

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审判法官需要了解2007年11月23日《关于国际回收儿童抚养费和其他形式的家庭Maintenance养的公约》的知识

自1950年代以来，已经有一些国际多边条约承认和执行了儿童和配偶support养令。他们主要在民法国家/地区开展业务，在这些国家中，“基于债权人的管辖权”允许在儿童或监护父母的惯常居住国建立命令。美国要求与债务人建立“最低限度的联系”以建立个人管辖权，因此美国不能成为此类协议的缔约国。近五十年来，美国和一些州试图通过谈判各个国家之间或国家之间的安排来满足国际互惠的需求。随着2007年《家庭抚养公约》的批准，美国终于得以加入多边条约。该条约于2017年1月1日在美国生效，与已经加入该公约的其他35个国家（包括整个欧洲联盟）建立国际认可，执行和修改家庭抚养令的程序。在2003年至2007年的谈判中达成的大笔交易是，如果根据所陈述的事实，如果与该债务人有足够的最低限度的联系，如果该命令在任何一个州被输入，美国将支持该外国的管辖权，那么美国将尊重该外国命令。在美国如果无法识别外国订单，美国同意采取措施签发新订单。该条约建立了行政程序，在许多方面，该程序几乎与该州的州际执行国内抚养令相同。但是该条约的某些方面是全新的，需要向家庭和少年法院法官作出解释。本文重点介绍法官和律师需要了解的条约中的一些独特规定。