Agenda 2030 has triggered a phalanx of initiatives to expand the scale and scope of activities and actors addressing global challenges. One increasingly scrutinized area is the use of distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) in the fields of development and humanitarian aid. This paper examines three projects that have piloted DLT use cases, including cash‐based transfers to Syrian refugees by the World Food Programme; illegal child trafficking in Moldova by the United Nations Office for Project Services; and microlending to social enterprises in Brazil by Moeda. The paper explores the use of blockchain technology with a view to understanding its implications for governance. It argues that the decentralization and disintermediation associated with the blockchain are not a given outcome in the cases explored for this paper. Rather, the DLT projects under examination have centralizing tendencies that empower the state while replacing traditional intermediaries with new ones that have expertise in code and blockchain. The paper identifies limitations associated with DLT solutions and offers policy recommendations to enhance the use of DLTs to accelerate the achievement of the sustainable development goals. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

中文翻译：

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从善治到善治：社会影响的区块链

《 2030年议程》引发了一系列倡议，以扩大应对全球挑战的活动和参与者的规模和范围。一个越来越受到关注的领域是在发展和人道主义援助领域中使用分布式分类帐技术（DLT）。本文研究了三个试行DLT用例的项目，包括世界粮食计划署以现金方式向叙利亚难民的转移；联合国项目事务厅在摩尔多瓦非法贩运儿童；Moeda向巴西的社会企业提供小额贷款。本文探讨了区块链技术的使用，以期了解其对治理的影响。它认为在本文探讨的案例中，与区块链相关的去中心化和去中介化不是给定的结果。而是 正在审查的DLT项目具有集中化的趋势，既可以赋予国家权力，又可以用在代码和区块链方面具有专业知识的新中介机构代替传统中介机构。该文件指出了与DLT解决方案相关的局限性，并提供了政策建议，以增强对DLT的使用，从而加速实现可持续发展目标。分级为4 +©2020 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.