Behaviour and the individual person are important but widely neglected topics of personality psychology. We argue that new technologies to collect and new methods to analyse Big (Behavioural) Data have the potential to bring back both more behaviour and the individual person into personality science. The call for studying the individual person in the history of personality science, the related idiographic/nomothetic divide, as well as attempts to reconcile these two approaches are briefly reviewed. Furthermore, different meanings of the term idiographic and some unique selling points that emphasize the importance of idiographic research are highlighted. A nonexhaustive literature review shows that a wealth of behaviours are considered in extant personality studies using such Big Data but only in a nomothetic way. Against this background, we demonstrate the potential of Big Data collection and analysis with regard to four idiographic research topics: (i) unique manifestations of common traits and the resurgence of personal dispositions, (ii) idiographic prediction, (iii) intraindividual consistency versus variability of behaviour and (iv) intraindividual personality trait change through intervention. Methodological, ethical and legal pitfalls of doing Big Data research with individual persons as well as potential countermeasures are considered.

中文翻译：

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使用大数据将人带回行为人格科学

行为和个人是人格心理学的重要但被广泛忽略的话题。我们认为，收集新技术和分析大（行为）数据的新方法具有将更多的行为和个人带回人格科学的潜力。简要回顾了在人格科学史上研究个人的呼声，相关的独特/道德划分以及调和这两种方法的尝试。此外，重点突出了“独特”一词的不同含义以及强调独特性研究重要性的一些独特卖点。一份非详尽的文献综述表明，在使用此类大数据进行的现存人格研究中考虑了很多行为，但仅以非常规方式进行。在这种背景下，我们展示了有关四个特殊研究主题的大数据收集和分析的潜力：（i）共同特征的独特表现和个人性格的复兴，（ii）特别的预测，（iii）个体内一致性与行为变异性，以及（ iv）通过干预改变个体的人格特质。考虑了与个人进行大数据研究的方法，道德和法律陷阱以及潜在的对策。（iii）个体内一致性与行为变异性之间的关系，以及（iv）个体内人格特质通过干预而改变。考虑了与个人进行大数据研究的方法，道德和法律陷阱以及潜在的对策。（iii）个体内一致性与行为变异性之间的关系，以及（iv）个体内人格特质通过干预而改变。考虑了与个人进行大数据研究的方法，道德和法律陷阱以及潜在的对策。