Farmers are at higher risk of suicide than other occupations and the general population. The complex suicide risk factors have not been examined in a large, population-wide study across a significant time period. This observational study draws on existing data from the United States’ National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS), including 140,523 farming- or non-farming-related suicide decedents between 2003 and 2016 from across 40 states. “Farming-related” decedents included 2,801 suicides. Farmers had higher odds of being male, older, less well-educated, and American Indian/Alaska Native. Farmers had higher odds of using firearms and—when farmers used a gun—higher odds of using a long-arm weapon. Farmers had lower odds of having a known mental health condition or job problem, and lower odds of having made a previous suicide attempt or leaving a suicide note. Findings highlight the complexity of suicide risk within the context of farming in the United States and reinforce the need for tailored prevention efforts; employing means restriction of firearms; and emphasizing that traditional risk factors may not be as common in the farming population.

中文翻译：

---

2003-2016 年美国国家暴力死亡报告系统中农业和非农业相关自杀的比较

与其他职业和一般人群相比，农民的自杀风险更高。在很长一段时间内，尚未在一项大型、全人群研究中检查复杂的自杀风险因素。这项观察性研究利用了美国国家暴力死亡报告系统 (NVDRS) 的现有数据，其中包括 2003 年至 2016 年间来自 40 个州的 140,523 名与农业或非农业相关的自杀死者。“与农业有关”的死者包括 2,801 人自杀。农民成为男性、年龄较大、受教育程度较低和美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民的几率更高。农民使用枪支的几率更高，而且——当农民使用枪支时——使用长臂武器的几率更高。农民有已知的心理健康状况或工作问题的几率较低，并且降低了之前曾尝试自杀或留下遗书的几率。调查结果强调了美国农业背景下自杀风险的复杂性，并强调了有针对性的预防工作的必要性；使用手段限制枪支；并强调传统的风险因素在农业人口中可能并不常见。