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How do habitat amount and habitat fragmentation drive time-delayed responses of biodiversity to land-use change?
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 , DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.2466
Asunción Semper-Pascual 1, 2 , Cole Burton 3 , Matthias Baumann 1 , Julieta Decarre 4 , Gregorio Gavier-Pizarro 4 , Bibiana Gómez-Valencia 5, 6 , Leandro Macchi 7 , Matías E Mastrangelo 8 , Florian Pötzschner 1 , Patricia V Zelaya 7 , Tobias Kuemmerle 1, 9
Affiliation  

Land-use change is a root cause of the extinction crisis, but links between habitat change and biodiversity loss are not fully understood. While there is evidence that habitat loss is an important extinction driver, the relevance of habitat fragmentation remains debated. Moreover, while time delays of biodiversity responses to habitat transformation are well-documented, time-delayed effects have been ignored in the habitat loss versus fragmentation debate. Here, using a hierarchical Bayesian multi-species occupancy framework, we systematically tested for time-delayed responses of bird and mammal communities to habitat loss and to habitat fragmentation. We focused on the Argentine Chaco, where deforestation has been widespread recently. We used an extensive field dataset on birds and mammals, along with a time series of annual woodland maps from 1985 to 2016 covering recent and historical habitat transformations. Contemporary habitat amount explained bird and mammal occupancy better than past habitat amount. However, occupancy was affected more by the past rather than recent fragmentation, indicating a time-delayed response to fragmentation. Considering past landscape patterns is therefore crucial for understanding current biodiversity patterns. Not accounting for land-use history ignores the possibility of extinction debt and can thus obscure impacts of fragmentation, potentially explaining contrasting findings of habitat loss versus fragmentation studies.

中文翻译:

栖息地数量和栖息地破碎化如何推动生物多样性对土地利用变化的延迟响应?

土地利用变化是灭绝危机的根本原因,但栖息地变化与生物多样性丧失之间的联系尚不完全清楚。虽然有证据表明栖息地丧失是重要的灭绝驱动因素,但栖息地破碎化的相关性仍然存在争议。此外,虽然生物多样性对栖息地转变的反应时间延迟已得到充分证明,但在栖息地丧失与破碎化的辩论中,时间延迟的影响被忽略了。在这里,使用分层贝叶斯多物种占用框架,我们系统地测试了鸟类和哺乳动物群落对栖息地丧失和栖息地破碎化的时间延迟响应。我们专注于阿根廷查科,那里的森林砍伐最近很普遍。我们使用了关于鸟类和哺乳动物的广泛实地数据集,以及从 1985 年到 2016 年的时间序列年度林地地图,涵盖近期和历史栖息地的变化。当代栖息地数量比过去的栖息地数量更好地解释了鸟类和哺乳动物的占有率。然而,入住率更多地受到过去而不是最近的碎片化的影响,这表明对碎片化的反应存在时间延迟。因此,考虑过去的景观模式对于理解当前的生物多样性模式至关重要。不考虑土地使用历史会忽略灭绝债务的可能性,因此可能会掩盖碎片化的影响,这可能解释了栖息地丧失与碎片化研究的对比结果。入住率更多地受到过去而不是最近的碎片化的影响,这表明对碎片化的反应存在时间延迟。因此,考虑过去的景观模式对于理解当前的生物多样性模式至关重要。不考虑土地使用历史会忽略灭绝债务的可能性,因此可能会掩盖碎片化的影响,这可能解释了栖息地丧失与碎片化研究的对比结果。入住率更多地受到过去而不是最近的碎片化的影响,这表明对碎片化的反应存在时间延迟。因此,考虑过去的景观模式对于理解当前的生物多样性模式至关重要。不考虑土地使用历史会忽略灭绝债务的可能性,因此可能会掩盖碎片化的影响,这可能解释了栖息地丧失与碎片化研究的对比结果。
更新日期:2021-01-06
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