The metabolic profiling of tissue biopsies using high-resolution–magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy may be influenced by experimental factors such as the sampling method. Therefore, we compared the effects of two different sampling methods on the metabolome of brain tissue obtained from the brainstem and thalamus of healthy goats by ¹H HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy—in vivo-harvested biopsy by a minimally invasive stereotactic approach compared with postmortem-harvested sample by dissection with a scalpel. Lactate and creatine were elevated, and choline-containing compounds were altered in the postmortem compared to the in vivo-harvested samples, demonstrating rapid changes most likely due to sample ischemia. In addition, in the brainstem samples acetate and inositols, and in the thalamus samples ƴ-aminobutyric acid, were relatively increased postmortem, demonstrating regional differences in tissue degradation. In conclusion, in vivo-harvested brain biopsies show different metabolic alterations compared to postmortem-harvested samples, reflecting less tissue degradation. Sampling method and brain region should be taken into account in the analysis of metabolic profiles. To be as close as possible to the actual situation in the living individual, it is desirable to use brain samples obtained by stereotactic biopsy whenever possible.

中文翻译：

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采样方法影响健康山羊脑活检的HR-MAS NMR光谱

使用高分辨率-魔角旋转（HR-MAS）¹ H核磁共振（NMR）光谱对组织活检组织进行代谢谱分析可能会受到诸如采样方法等实验因素的影响。因此，我们比较了通过从脑干和健康山羊丘脑得到脑组织的代谢组的两个不同采样方法的影响¹H HR-MAS NMR光谱学-通过微创立体定向方法在体内进行活检，与用解剖刀解剖后进行死后采集的样本相比。与体内采集的样品相比，死后的乳酸和肌酸含量升高，并且含有胆碱的化合物发生了变化，这证明了由于样品局部缺血而引起的快速变化。另外，在脑干样品中乙酸和肌醇以及丘脑样品中的α-氨基丁酸相对增加了死后的数量，表明了组织降解的区域差异。总之，体内采集的脑活检样品与死后采集的样品相比显示出不同的代谢变化，反映出较少的组织降解。在代谢谱分析中应考虑采样方法和大脑区域。