ABSTRACT

European Union (EU) afforestation programmes applied to marginal agricultural land contribute significantly to strengthening the rural economy and provide multiple products and ecosystem services. However, in some cases, they constituted the vehicle for the introduction and spread of invasive alien trees (IAS) in Europe. Invasive alien trees are now among the most conspicuous and damaging species, and they are regarded as a major threat to biodiversity throughout the world, causing economic, ecological and social effects. This survey focuses on a group of forest professionals directly involved in implementing EU afforestation, carried out under the Council Regulation (EEC) 2080/1992 EEC, Council Regulation (EEC) No 2080/92 on instituting a Community Scheme for Forestry Measures in Agriculture. (2080/1992). Official Journal of European Communities, L. (215), pp. 96–99. [Google Scholar] and Council Regulation (EC) 1257/1999. A qualitative survey was conducted to assess the economic and environmental performance of EU afforestation programmes, through the analysis of professional opinions. Furthermore, as the use of invasive alien trees in the plantations has been a subject of great controversy, the survey attempts to explore experts’ attitudes and beliefs about the invasive plant species and the potential threats to the environment associated with their spread. The results indicate that the afforestation programmes did no manage to meet the intended goals, especially those related to the environment. They, also, highlight that knowledge about the methods and principles of dealing with plant IAS is limited, therefore better education is needed.

摘要

适用于边缘农业土地的欧盟 (EU) 植树造林计划对加强农村经济和提供多种产品和生态系统服务做出了重大贡献。然而，在某些情况下，它们构成了在欧洲引入和传播外来入侵树木 (IAS) 的工具。外来入侵树木现在是最引人注目和最具破坏性的物种之一，它们被视为对全世界生物多样性的主要威胁，造成经济、生态和社会影响。这项调查的重点是直接参与实施欧盟植树造林的一组森林专业人员，根据理事会条例 (EEC) 2080/1992 进行EEC，关于建立农业林业措施社区计划的理事会条例 (EEC) No 2080/92。( 2080/1992 )。欧洲共同体官方杂志，L. (215)，第96 – 99页。 [Google Scholar]和理事会条例 (EC) 1257/1999。通过分析专业意见，进行了一项定性调查，以评估欧盟植树造林计划的经济和环境绩效。此外，由于在人工林中使用外来入侵树木一直是一个存在很大争议的话题，该调查试图探讨专家对入侵植物物种的态度和信念以及与其传播相关的对环境的潜在威胁。结果表明，植树造林计划未能达到预期目标，尤其是与环境相关的目标。他们还强调，有关处理植物 IAS 的方法和原则的知识有限，因此需要更好的教育。