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Kinins and Chymase: The Forgotten Components of the Renin angiotensin system and their implications in COVID-19 Disease
American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 , DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00548.2020
Zaid Abassi 1, 2 , Karl Skorecki 3 , Dalit B. Hamo-Giladi 1 , Etty Kruzel-Davila 4 , Samuel N. Heyman 5
Affiliation  

The unique clinical features of COVID-19 disease present a formidable challenge in the understanding of its pathogenesis. Within a very short time, our knowledge regarding basic physiologic pathways that participate in SARS CoV-2 invasion and subsequent organ damage have been dramatically expanded. In particular, we now better understand the complexity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and the important role of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)-2 in viral binding. Furthermore, the critical role of its major product, angiotensin (Ang) 1-7, in maintaining microcirculatory balance and in the control of activated pro-inflammatory and pro-coagulant pathways, generated in this disease, have been clarified. The kalikrein-bradykinin (BK) system and chymase are intensively interwoven with RAAS through many pathways with complex reciprocal interactions. Yet, so far, very little attention has been paid to a possible role of these physiologic pathways in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 disease, even though BK and chymase exert many physiologic changes characteristic to this disorder. Herein we outline the current knowledge regarding the reciprocal interactions of RAAS, BK and chymase that are probably turned-on in COVID-19 disease and participate in its clinical features. Interventions affecting these systems, such as the inhibition of chymase or blocking BKB1R/BKB2R might be explored as potential novel therapeutic strategies in this devastating disorder.

中文翻译:

激肽和胸苷酶:肾素血管紧张素系统的被遗忘的组成部分及其对COVID-19疾病的影响

在了解其发病机理方面,COVID-19疾病的独特临床特征提出了巨大的挑战。在很短的时间内,我们对参与SARS CoV-2入侵和随后的器官损伤的基本生理途径的认识得到了极大的扩展。特别是,我们现在更好地了解了肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(RAAS)的复杂性以及血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)-2在病毒结合中的重要作用。此外,已经阐明了其主要产品血管紧张素(Ang)1-7在维持微循环平衡以及控制该疾病中产生的促炎性和促凝血途径中的关键作用。激肽释放酶-缓激肽(BK)系统和糜酶通过具有复杂的相互相互作用的许多途径与RAAS紧密交织。然而,到目前为止,即使BK和糜酶对这种疾病具有许多生理学变化,对这些生理学途径在COVID-19疾病发病机理中可能发挥的作用却很少关注。在这里,我们概述了有关RAAS,BK和糜酶的互作的当前知识,这些互作可能在COVID-19疾病中开启并参与其临床特征。可能会探索影响这些系统的干预措施,例如抑制糜酶或阻断BKB1R / BKB2R,作为这种破坏性疾病的潜在新治疗策略。这些生理途径在COVID-19疾病发病机理中的可能作用几乎没有引起人们的注意,即使BK和糜酶在该疾病中发挥了许多生理变化。在这里,我们概述了有关RAAS,BK和糜酶的互作的当前知识,这些互作可能在COVID-19疾病中开启并参与其临床特征。可能会探索影响这些系统的干预措施,例如抑制糜酶或阻断BKB1R / BKB2R,作为这种破坏性疾病的潜在新治疗策略。这些生理途径在COVID-19疾病发病机理中的可能作用几乎没有引起人们的注意,即使BK和糜酶在该疾病中发挥了许多生理变化。在这里,我们概述了有关RAAS,BK和糜酶的互作的当前知识,这些互作可能在COVID-19疾病中开启并参与其临床特征。可能会探索影响这些系统的干预措施,例如抑制糜酶或阻断BKB1R / BKB2R,作为这种破坏性疾病的潜在新治疗策略。BK和糜酶可能在COVID-19疾病中已开启,并参与其临床特征。可能会探索影响这些系统的干预措施,例如抑制糜酶或阻断BKB1R / BKB2R,作为这种破坏性疾病的潜在新治疗策略。BK和糜酶可能在COVID-19疾病中已开启,并参与其临床特征。可能会探索影响这些系统的干预措施,例如抑制糜酶或阻断BKB1R / BKB2R,作为这种破坏性疾病的潜在新治疗策略。
更新日期:2021-01-06
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