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Sex and age differences in the diet of the Eurasian Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) using web-sourced photographs: exploring the feasibility of a new citizen science approach
IBIS ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 , DOI: 10.1111/ibi.12918 Connor T. Panter 1 , Arjun Amar 2
IBIS ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 , DOI: 10.1111/ibi.12918 Connor T. Panter 1 , Arjun Amar 2
Affiliation
Diet differences between the sexes and ages have often been recorded for bird species. Many raptor species show extreme sexual size dimorphism, with females often considerably larger than the males and these differences may be reflected in their diets. Diet studies in raptors most frequently focus on analysing prey remains or pellets collected at nest-sites. These methods are subsequently limited to breeding birds in the breeding season and are also restricted by their inability to distinguish prey items between the sexes. The use of web-sourced photographs to examine raptor diet has the potential to overcome some limitations of more traditional methods used to assess diet. We used this approach for the Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus in the United Kingdom, exploring diet between the sexes and ages throughout the entire year. In total, we obtained 843 web-sourced photographs of Sparrowhawks with their prey items. There were 12 key prey items that had a frequency ≥ 10 in the Sparrowhawk diet: Common Wood Pigeon Columba palumbus, Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris, Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto, Rock Dove Columba livia, Common Blackbird Turdus merula, House Sparrow Passer domesticus, unidentified ‘small’ and ‘medium’ birds, European Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis, European Greenfinch Chloris chloris, Eurasian Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus and Stock Dove Columba oenas. Several prey species were more often seen in the diet of one sex or age group. Overall, average prey weights of adult females were two and a half times heavier than for adult males and one and a half times heavier for juvenile females. However, this method may be slightly biased towards larger prey items, which should be considered in future studies. Despite this limitation, our method enabled dietary differences between the sexes and ages of this highly sexual size dimorphic raptor species to be explored throughout the year.
中文翻译:
欧亚雀鹰(Accipiter nisus)饮食中的性别和年龄差异使用网络来源的照片:探索新公民科学方法的可行性
鸟类的性别和年龄之间的饮食差异经常被记录下来。许多猛禽物种表现出极端的性别大小二态性,雌性通常比雄性大得多,这些差异可能反映在它们的饮食中。猛禽的饮食研究最常集中在分析在巢穴收集的猎物遗骸或颗粒。这些方法随后仅限于在繁殖季节繁殖鸟类,并且还受到它们无法区分雌雄猎物的限制。使用网络来源的照片来检查猛禽饮食有可能克服用于评估饮食的更传统方法的一些局限性。我们将这种方法用于欧亚雀鹰Accipiter nisus在英国,全年探索不同性别和年龄之间的饮食。我们总共获得了 843 张来自网络的麻雀鹰及其猎物的照片。有报道说,在雀鹰日粮的频率≥10 12倍键的猎物:斑尾林鸽鸽palumbus,紫翅椋鸟椋寻常,灰斑鸠斑鸠decaocto,野鸽鸽利维娅,乌鸫乌鸫,麻雀麻雀,不明“小型”和“中型”鸟类、欧洲金翅雀Carduelis carduelis、欧洲绿翅雀Chloris chloris、欧亚蓝雀Cyanistes caeruleus和 Stock Dove Columba oenas。在一个性别或一个年龄组的饮食中更常见到几种猎物。总体而言,成年雌性的平均猎物重量比成年雄性重两倍半,而幼年雌性则重一倍半。然而,这种方法可能稍微偏向于较大的猎物,这应该在未来的研究中加以考虑。尽管有这个限制,我们的方法仍然可以全年探索这种高度性大小的双态猛禽物种的性别和年龄之间的饮食差异。
更新日期:2021-01-06
中文翻译:
欧亚雀鹰(Accipiter nisus)饮食中的性别和年龄差异使用网络来源的照片:探索新公民科学方法的可行性
鸟类的性别和年龄之间的饮食差异经常被记录下来。许多猛禽物种表现出极端的性别大小二态性,雌性通常比雄性大得多,这些差异可能反映在它们的饮食中。猛禽的饮食研究最常集中在分析在巢穴收集的猎物遗骸或颗粒。这些方法随后仅限于在繁殖季节繁殖鸟类,并且还受到它们无法区分雌雄猎物的限制。使用网络来源的照片来检查猛禽饮食有可能克服用于评估饮食的更传统方法的一些局限性。我们将这种方法用于欧亚雀鹰Accipiter nisus在英国,全年探索不同性别和年龄之间的饮食。我们总共获得了 843 张来自网络的麻雀鹰及其猎物的照片。有报道说,在雀鹰日粮的频率≥10 12倍键的猎物:斑尾林鸽鸽palumbus,紫翅椋鸟椋寻常,灰斑鸠斑鸠decaocto,野鸽鸽利维娅,乌鸫乌鸫,麻雀麻雀,不明“小型”和“中型”鸟类、欧洲金翅雀Carduelis carduelis、欧洲绿翅雀Chloris chloris、欧亚蓝雀Cyanistes caeruleus和 Stock Dove Columba oenas。在一个性别或一个年龄组的饮食中更常见到几种猎物。总体而言,成年雌性的平均猎物重量比成年雄性重两倍半,而幼年雌性则重一倍半。然而,这种方法可能稍微偏向于较大的猎物,这应该在未来的研究中加以考虑。尽管有这个限制,我们的方法仍然可以全年探索这种高度性大小的双态猛禽物种的性别和年龄之间的饮食差异。