Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that results in distorted insulin signaling and microvascular complications. Current antidiabetic drugs possess harmful long term side effects, necessitating the need for alternate or compliment therapy with lesser issues. Medicinal plants such as ginger have been reported to possess several beneficial activities including antidiabetic activity. The antidiabetic efficacy of microwave‐assisted polyphenolic extracts of Indian ginger cultivars from Odisha (MPO) and Tamil Nadu (MPT) is reported here. MPT and MPO showed insulin stimulated glucose uptake of 1.74 ± 0.25 and 1.47 ± 0.15 fold at 6.25 µg/ml of concentrations in C2C12 cells respectively when compared to control. MPT possessed α–amylase, α–glucosidase inhibitory and anti‐glycation properties. It also showed DPPH radical scavenging activity (7.69 ± 0.001%), inhibited LPS‐induced nitric oxide production (1.06 ± 0.004 fold) than the latter and increased the GLUT4 protein expression by 1.4 fold. Major active compounds such as shogaol and gingerol derivatives, curcumene, zingiberone were identified through GC‐ESI/MS analysis and D‐pinitol (cyclitol) was identified through HPLC analysis in this variety. This is the first paper to report the presence of an antidiabetic compound, D‐pinitol, in the ginger variety. Polyphenol rich, biologically potent ginger extracts can be a good food and nutraceutical supplement to address diabetes and related complications.

中文翻译：

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富含多酚的印度姜品种可改善C2C12细胞中的GLUT4活性，抑制糖尿病相关酶和LPS诱导的炎症：一项体外研究

糖尿病是一种慢性代谢性疾病，会导致胰岛素信号传导异常和微血管并发症。当前的抗糖尿病药具有有害的长期副作用，因此有必要以较小的问题进行替代或补充治疗。据报道，诸如姜之类的药用植物具有几种有益的活性，包括抗糖尿病活性。本文报道了来自奥里萨邦（MPO）和泰米尔纳德邦（MPT）的印度姜品种的微波辅助多酚提取物的抗糖尿病功效。与对照组相比，MPT和MPO在C2C12细胞中的浓度分别为6.25 µg / ml时显示胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖摄取分别为1.74±0.25和1.47±0.15倍。MPT具有α-淀粉酶，α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制和抗糖化特性。它还显示了DPPH自由基清除活性（7.69±0。001％），比后者抑制LPS诱导的一氧化氮产生（1.06±0.004倍），并使GLUT4蛋白表达增加1.4倍。通过GC-ESI / MS分析鉴定了主要活性化合物，如shogaol和生姜酚衍生物，姜黄素，姜丁酮，并通过HPLC分析鉴定了该品种中的D-松醇（cyclitol）。这是第一篇报道姜品种中存在抗糖尿病化合物D-松醇的论文。富含多酚，具有生物活性的生姜提取物可以作为解决糖尿病和相关并发症的良好食品和营养补充品。通过GC-ESI / MS分析鉴定了姜皮酮，并通过HPLC分析鉴定了该品种中的D-松醇（cyclitol）。这是第一篇报道姜品种中存在抗糖尿病化合物D-松醇的论文。富含多酚，具有生物活性的生姜提取物可以作为解决糖尿病和相关并发症的良好食品和营养补充品。通过GC-ESI / MS分析鉴定了姜皮酮，并通过HPLC分析鉴定了该品种中的D-松醇（cyclitol）。这是第一篇报道姜品种中存在抗糖尿病化合物D-松醇的论文。富含多酚，具有生物活性的生姜提取物可以作为解决糖尿病和相关并发症的良好食品和营养补充品。