This study provides a detailed sedimentological, stratigraphic and depositional model for the lower Whakataki Formation. The fine-grained nature of the turbidite successions and common T_bcde successions suggests deposition associated with medial to distal submarine fan deposits. However, the textural and compositional immaturity, combined with a high carbonaceous and carbonate content of the clastic sediments indicates a proximal detrital input. In the examined section of the lower Whakataki Formation the sedimentology and facies associations identified that the turbidite successions were deposited as dilute low-density turbidity currents that transported sediment down-slope, overflowing or bypassing upper- and mid-trench-slope basins into a structurally confined lower trench-slope basin. Flows entering the structurally confined basin were deflected to the north-northeast, producing palaeo-flow along the axis of the basin and represent deposition in the early stages of trench-slope basin development. Here, we provide a depositional model for a lower (immature) trench-slope basin and highlight that the application of the ‘classical’ submarine-fan model to all fine-grained turbidite deposits is not always appropriate.

该研究为下瓦卡塔基组提供了详细的沉积学，地层学和沉积模型。浊积岩演替和普通_Tbcde的细粒性质演替表明与内侧至远侧海底扇形沉积物有关的沉积。但是，质地和组成上的不成熟，以及碎屑沉积物中高碳含量和碳酸盐含量，表明了近端碎屑的输入。在华卡塔基下层的研究区，沉积学和相的联系确定了浊积岩演替体是稀的低密度浊流，其将泥沙运向下坡道，溢流或绕过上，中海沟斜坡盆地进入结构。密闭的下部沟渠盆地。进入结构受限盆地的水流被偏转到东北东北部，沿盆地轴线产生古流，并代表了沟渠盆地早期发展阶段的沉积。这里，