Varroa mite is the major threat to the western honey bee, Apis mellifera, and the cause of significant economic losses in the apiculture industry. Varroa destructor feeds on brood and adult bees being responsible for vectoring virus infections and other diseases. This study analyses the role of Varroa and other associated pathogens, such as viruses or the fungus Nosema ceranae, and their relationships regarding the viability of the bee colony. It has been carried out during one beekeeping season, with the subspecies A. m. iberiensis, commonly used in the apiculture industry of Spain. Our study shows a significant relationship between the presence of Varroa destructor and viral infection by deformed wing virus and acute bee paralysis virus. Nosema ceranae behaved as an opportunistic pathogen. In addition, this study explored a potential naturally occurring subset of peptides, responsible for the humoral immunity of the bees. The expression of the antimicrobial peptides abaecin and melittin showed a significant relationship with the levels of Varroa mite and the deformed wing virus.

螨螨是对西方蜜蜂Apis mellifera的主要威胁，也是养蜂业造成重大经济损失的原因。Varroa破坏物以母猪和成年蜜蜂为食，负责媒介病毒感染和其他疾病。这项研究分析了Varroa和其他相关病原体（如病毒或真菌Nosema ceranae）的作用，以及它们与蜂群生存能力的关系。它是在一个养蜂季节和A. m。亚种下进行的。iberiensis，通常用于西班牙的养蜂业。我们的研究表明存在Varroa破坏因子之间存在显着关系变形的机翼病毒和急性蜂麻痹病毒感染病毒。鼻鼻虫表现为机会病原体。此外，这项研究还探索了可能引起蜜蜂体液免疫的天然潜在肽亚群。抗菌肽阿维菌素和蜂毒肽的表达与螨虫和变形的翼状病毒的水平显示出显着的关系。