Secure property rights are widely understood as critical for socio-economic development and sustainable land management in forested areas. Policies and programs, ranging from devolution of specific resource rights to formal land titling, have therefore been implemented to strengthen forest tenure and property rights in countries around the world. Despite the prevalence and importance of these efforts, however, systematic understanding of their effects on poverty remains lacking. We address this gap by systematically reviewing evidence on the impact of forest property rights interventions on poverty worldwide. We drew from a systematic map of evidence on forest-poverty links (Cheng et al., 2019) and used a population-intervention-comparator-outcome (PICO) framework to identify relevant studies. Our final dataset included 61 articles published from 2002 to 2016 comprising 91 case studies across 24 countries. Of these, only 11 articles (22 cases) used quasi-experimental methods to control for confounders. We find that almost all studied interventions (n = 88; 97%) focused on rights to access a forest area or withdraw resources from it. Relatively few studied interventions supported the more extensive property rights of exclusion (32%) and alienation (10%). Overall, reported impacts on both income/consumption and capital/assets dimensions of poverty were generally positive or mixed. Results from more robust quasi-experimental assessments showed greater variation, with case studies as likely to report negative as positive impacts on both poverty dimensions. We find tentative support for the economic theory that more secure property rights yield positive welfare effects. However, the paucity of evidence from more robust impact assessments constrains our ability to draw generalizable conclusions about the poverty impacts of different kinds of forest property rights interventions.

人们普遍认为，安全产权对森林地区的社会经济发展和可持续土地管理至关重要。因此，已实施了从特定资源权下放到正式土地所有权的政策和计划，以加强世界各国的森林所有权和财产权。尽管这些努力普遍存在并且很重要，但是仍然缺乏对它们对贫困影响的系统的了解。我们通过系统地审查有关森林产权干预对全世界贫困的影响的证据来解决这一差距。我们从关于森林与贫困的联系的系统证据图上提取了数据（Cheng等，2019），并使用了人口干预比较结果（PICO）框架来确定相关研究。我们的最终数据集包括2002年至2016年发表的61篇文章，包括24个国家/地区的91个案例研究。其中只有11篇文章（22例）使用准实验方法控制混杂因素。我们发现几乎所有研究的干预措施（n = 88; 97％）都集中在访问森林地区或从森林地区撤出资源的权利。相对较少的研究干预措施支持更广泛的排斥（32％）和疏离（10％）财产权。总体而言，报告对贫困的收入/消费和资本/资产方面的影响总体上是积极的或混合的。更为强有力的准实验评估结果显示出更大的差异，案例研究可能报告对两个贫困层面都产生了负面或正面的影响。我们发现对经济理论的初步支持，即更安全的产权会产生积极的福利效应。但是，来自更强有力的影响评估的证据不足，限制了我们就各种森林产权干预措施的贫困影响得出一般性结论的能力。