The growth and astaxanthin production of unicellular Haematococcus pluvialis is affected by both the high light and sodium acetate (NaAC) stresses. There are sparse on studies of the regulatory pathways of microRNAs (miRNAs) and their target genes in response to high light and NaAC stresses in H. pluvialis. In this study, transcriptomic analysis was used to identify the key target genes of miRNA regulation under both high light and NaAC stresses. A total of 434 (including 29 novel) miRNAs were identified, which were mainly enriched in metal ion binding and transport, and involved in basic metabolic pathways, such as pyruvate metabolism, ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, and oxidative phosphorylation. A total of 115 (out of 434) miRNAs were detected in response to high light and NaAC stresses. A total of 83 and 46 miRNAs significantly expressed under high light and NaAC stresses were considered as high light and NaAC stress responsive miRNAs, respectively. 14 miRNAs responded to both high light and NaAC stresses. Some miRNAs that regulate differentially expressed target genes had been identified. In the high light treatment group, 38 regulatory pairs were identified. In NaAc treatment group, 40 regulatory pairs were identified. These results shed light on the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs responding to high light and NaAC stresses in H. pluvialis, further providing support for understanding the molecular mechanisms of miRNA regulation involved in astaxanthin synthesis in H. pluvialis.

高光和乙酸钠（NaAC）胁迫都影响单细胞雨生红球菌的生长和虾青素的产生。有稀疏的微RNA（miRNA）及其靶基因的调控途径的研究，以应对高光与醋酸钠在强调H.生红球藻。在这项研究中，转录组分析被用于识别在高光照和NaAC胁迫下miRNA调控的关键靶基因。总共鉴定出434个（包括29个新的）miRNA，主要富集金属离子的结合和转运，并参与基本的代谢途径，例如丙酮酸代谢，泛素介导的蛋白水解和氧化磷酸化。响应强光和NaAC胁迫，共检测到115种miRNA（共434种）。在高光和NaAC胁迫下显着表达的总共83和46个miRNA分别被认为是高光和NaAC胁迫反应性miRNA。14种miRNA对强光和NaAC胁迫都有反应。已经鉴定出一些调控差异表达靶基因的miRNA。在高光治疗组中 确定了38个监管对。在NaAc治疗组中，鉴定出40对调节对。这些结果阐明了miRNA响应高强度和NaAC胁迫的调控机制。H. pluvialis，进一步为理解miRNA调控分子机制参与H. pluvialis虾青素合成提供了支持。