In free-space optical (FSO) communication, Distribution models such as lognormal, gamma-gamma, and k-distribution describe weak, moderate, and strong turbulence, respectively. Whereas Málaga $$\left( {\mathcal{M}} \right)$$ M distribution is a powerful statistical model repeatedly mentioned in the literature due to its generality, Málaga $$\left( {\mathcal{M}} \right)$$ M describes the three turbulence conditions while considering the pointing errors, represented by the jitter boresight displacement, of the communication beam. Exact and closed-form expressions for symbol error rate and outage probability are presented in this paper—furthermore, cases from these expressions are presented for various turbulence conditions. The proposed expressions describe the symbol error rate and outage probability performance of the FSO communication system with M-ary amplitude shift keying modulation over Málaga $$\left( {\mathcal{M}} \right)$$ M atmospheric turbulence environments.

中文翻译：

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非零视轴和抖动指向误差对马拉加 M-ary ASK/FSO 系统性能的影响 $$\left( {\mathcal{M}} \right)$$ 大气湍流

在自由空间光学 (FSO) 通信中，分布模型（例如对数正态分布、伽马伽马分布和 k 分布）分别描述弱湍流、中等湍流和强湍流。而马拉加 $$\left( {\mathcal{M}} \right)$$ M 分布是一个强大的统计模型，由于其普遍性在文献中反复提及，马拉加 $$\left( {\mathcal{M}} \右)$$ M 描述了三种湍流条件，同时考虑了通信波束的指向误差，由抖动视轴位移表示。文中给出了符号错误率和中断概率的精确和封闭形式的表达式——此外，还给出了这些表达式在各种湍流条件下的情况。