Kermanshah Province as an agricultural hub exports food crops to neighboring countries. In this study, contamination status, bioavailability, spatial distribution, and ecological and human health risk of arsenic and heavy metals (HMs) in soil were investigate. For this purpose, 121 agricultural soil samples were collected and analyzed using ICP-MS. The data were studied by calculating some geochemical indices, and using geographical information system and statistical analysis. Results showed that Cd has the highest bioavailability, following by Cu and As. Also, Cu was severely associated with organic matter. Enrichment factor (EF) followed the order of As > Cu > Pb > Se > Cd > Zn > Ni > Cr, and the soil pollution index (SPI) ranged from 0.82 to 2.65. Low potential ecological risk was measured for most of the samples. However, Kermanshah County and Eastern parts of the Province showed the highest HMs enrichment and ecological risk. Moreover, high carcinogenic risk of Cr and Ni threatens the children. Cr showed also high non-carcinogenic hazard index (HI) for children. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated the anthropogenic origins for As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Se and Zn, while Cr and Ni originated mainly from a geogenic source. Furthermore, Kruskal-Wallis H test revealed that As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Se and Zn concentrations were significantly different (p < 0.05) between 16 Counties of the Kermanshah Province. Overall, the management of urban and industrial contamination sources is required to minimize the concentration of bioavailable portion of HMs and preventing residents of the area from being exposed to contaminants.

克尔曼沙阿省作为农业中心向邻国出口粮食作物。本研究对土壤中砷和重金属（HMs）的污染状况、生物有效性、空间分布以及生态和人类健康风险进行了调查。为此，收集并使用 ICP-MS 分析了 121 个农业土壤样品。通过计算一些地球化学指标，并利用地理信息系统和统计分析对数据进行了研究。结果表明，镉的生物利用度最高，其次是铜和砷。此外，Cu 与有机物密切相关。富集因子（EF）依次为As > Cu > Pb > Se > Cd > Zn > Ni > Cr，土壤污染指数（SPI）在0.82~2.65之间。大多数样品的潜在生态风险较低。然而，克尔曼沙阿县和该省东部地区的 HMs 富集和生态风险最高。此外，Cr和Ni的高致癌风险威胁着儿童。Cr对儿童的非致癌危险指数（HI）也很高。主成分分析 (PCA) 表明 As、Cd、Cu、Pb、Se 和 Zn 的人为来源，而 Cr 和 Ni 主要来自地质来源。此外，Kruskal-Wallis H 检验表明，As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Se 和 Zn 的浓度存在显着差异（Cd、Cu、Pb、Se 和 Zn，而 Cr 和 Ni 主要来自地质来源。此外，Kruskal-Wallis H 检验表明，As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Se 和 Zn 的浓度存在显着差异（Cd、Cu、Pb、Se 和 Zn，而 Cr 和 Ni 主要来自地质来源。此外，Kruskal-Wallis H 检验表明，As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Se 和 Zn 的浓度存在显着差异（p  < 0.05）在克尔曼沙阿省的 16 个县之间。总体而言，需要对城市和工业污染源进行管理，以尽量减少 HM 的生物可利用部分的浓度，并防止该地区的居民接触污染物。