Plants are the unique sources of secondary metabolites (terpenes, phenolic and alkaloid) used as pharmaceuticals, food additives and industrial produces. However, very limited information is known about their biosynthesis in plants. Elicitors are chemicals often used to activate the accumulation of such metabolites in plant in vitro cultures. Since the ancient past, Narcissus is well-known for its ornamental purposes and medicinal versatility with diverse pharmaceutically important alkaloids including galanthamine, lycorine, haemanthamine and narciclasine. In this research, callus cultures induced from N. pseudonarcissus cv. Carlton bulb explants were subjected to MS media supplemented with growth regulators, yeast extract, methyl jasmonate, chitosan and trans-cinnamic acid for the determination of galanthamine content using GC-MS. Bulbs showed 538 to 1109 μg g⁻¹ FW (fresh weight), and callus cultures subjected to MS medium without elicitors produced 7.88 μg g⁻¹ FW of galanthamine, whereas callus cultures grown on MS with methyl jasmonate, chitosan and 25% sucrose showed approximately 5.6-, 3- and 2-fold increased galanthamine production respectively. NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) depicted that the concentrations of metabolites related to galanthamine production, tyrosine, tyramine, and 3-chlorotyrosine were higher in bulb tissue than callus. However, these metabolites were present in higher concentrations in elicitor-treated calluses, leading to the higher galanthamine accumulation than the non-treated calluses. Furthermore, the notable metabolites detected in elicitor-treated callus cultures were amino acids, phenols and sugar alcohols. The metabolites in media extracts were mainly related to sucrose and galactose metabolism. The results suggested that the application of elicitors could be a potential approach for enhanced production of valuable metabolites in Narcissus in vitro culture.

植物是用作药物，食品添加剂和工业产品的次生代谢产物（萜烯，酚和生物碱）的独特来源。然而，关于它们在植物中的生物合成的信息非常有限。引发剂是通常用于激活植物体外培养物中此类代谢产物积累的化学物质。自远古时代以来，水仙就以其观赏目的和药用多功能性而闻名，它具有多种药学上重要的生物碱，包括加兰他敏，蛋氨酸，花色胺和水仙子碱。在这项研究中，由假水仙诱导的愈伤组织培养简历。将Carlton鳞茎外植体置于添加了生长调节剂，酵母提取物，茉莉酸甲酯，壳聚糖和反式肉桂酸的MS培养基中，使用GC-MS测定加兰他敏的含量。鳞茎显示538至1109μgg ^-1 FW（鲜重），在无诱导剂的MS培养基中培养的愈伤组织培养物产生7.88μgg ^-1加兰他敏的FW，而在茉莉酸甲酯，壳聚糖和25％蔗糖的MS上生长的愈伤组织培养物分别显示加兰他敏产量增加了约5.6、3和2倍。NMR（核磁共振）表明，鳞茎组织中与加兰他敏产生，酪氨酸，酪胺和3-氯酪氨酸有关的代谢物浓度高于愈伤组织。但是，这些代谢物在经激发子处理的老茧中浓度较高，从而导致加兰他敏的蓄积量高于未处理的老茧。此外，在经激子处理的愈伤组织培养物中检测到的主要代谢产物是氨基酸，酚和糖醇。培养基提取物中的代谢物主要与蔗糖和半乳糖代谢有关。水仙体外培养。