The martensite structure of steel is of great importance in mechanical engineering and is usually adjusted by heat treatment. Of particular interest is the morphology of martensite, as it has a significant influence on mechanical properties. In this work, a phase field model is presented, where the order parameter is used to describe the evolution of martensite in order to predict the resulting morphology. In a first step, simulations with two martensite variants with different transformation strains by means of the finite element method in the small strain context show the basic applicability of the model in a two-dimensional environment. With a concept based on the phenomenological theory of martensite crystallography, good agreement with the transformation mechanics of the experiment is achieved. Furthermore, an illustrative three-dimensional simulation takes the crystallographic variants of the Nishiyama–Wasserman orientation relationship into account. The size of the simulation domain corresponds to the size of a prior austenite grain. The calculated block sizes agree with the experimental observations.

钢的马氏体结构在机械工程中非常重要，通常通过热处理进行调整。特别令人感兴趣的是马氏体的形态，因为它对机械性能有重大影响。在这项工作中，提出了一个相场模型，其中的阶跃参数用于描述马氏体的演化，以预测所得的形貌。第一步，在小应变环境下通过有限元方法对具有不同转变应变的两个马氏体变体进行仿真，显示了该模型在二维环境中的基本适用性。利用基于马氏体结晶学的现象学理论的概念，可以与实验的转变机理很好地吻合。此外，一个说明性的三维模拟考虑了Nishiyama-Wasserman取向关系的晶体学变体。模拟域的大小对应于先前奥氏体晶粒的大小。计算出的块大小与实验观察结果一致。