Face memory is critical for social functioning. Our study examined whether children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a face memory deficit relative to those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), another commonly occurring neurodevelopmental condition that is associated with socio-emotional and cognitive deficits. Children and adolescents with ASD and ADHD as well as typically developing (TD) peers were randomly allocated to experimental conditions based on face-looking time during the learning phase of an assigned face memory task. Our goal was to determine whether children and adolescents with ASD would demonstrate poorer face memory skills than their ADHD and TD counterparts, and whether increased face-looking time would improve face memory in children and adolescents in these three diagnostic categories. Results revealed that children and adolescents with ASD exhibit a face memory deficit compared to their ADHD and TD peers that does not improve even after increasing the duration of time spent looking at faces.

面部记忆对于社交功能至关重要。我们的研究检查了自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的儿童和青少年相对于注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童和青少年是否有面部记忆缺陷，后者是另一种常见的与社会情感和认知缺陷相关的神经发育疾病。在分配的面部记忆任务的学习阶段，根据面部表情时间，将具有ASD和ADHD的儿童和青少年以及通常发育中的（TD）同伴随机分配到实验条件。我们的目标是确定患有ASD的儿童和青少年是否表现出比其ADHD和TD的较差的面部记忆能力，以及增加这三个诊断类别的面部寻找时间是否会改善儿童和青少年的面部记忆。